Possibility of improving organic agriculture by introducing biodynamic preparations

Povećanje površina pod organskom proizvodnjom, a i tražnja za organskim proizvodima pokrenuli su i intenzivirali istraživanja koja će imati za cilj unapređenje i definisanje agronomskih praksi za dalji razvoj ovog sistema proizvodnje. Cilj ovog rada, je predstavljanje praktičnih metoda koje mogu da unaprede postojeći proizvodni proces u organskoj proizvodnji. Strateško opredeljenje ka održivom razvoju i uvođenju održivih sistema gajenja je proces koji podrazumeva usklađivanje različitih sfera proizvodnje ali i celokupnog lanca proizvodnje hrane. Organska proizvodnja i biodimanička poljoprivreda su se pokazali kao najefikasniji sistemi održive poljoprivrede. Fokus oba sistema gajenja je u održavanju biološke ravnoteže, jer u lancu ishrane sve mora da bude pod strogom kontrolom i to u svim segmentima. Biodinamička poljoprivreda je dobar primer održivog sistema poljoprivredne proizvodnje sa karakterističnim metodama i preparatima koji se primenjuju i čine je prepoznatljivom. Razlikujemo devet biodinamičkih preparata koji se koriste za prskanje zemljišta, biljaka i za pripremu komposta. U savremenim istraživanjima često su u upotrebi biljni ekstrakti, koji su po načinu pripreme vrlo slični biodinamičkim preparatima i primenjuju se u organskoj proizvodnji. Najčešće su u upotrebi tečno đubrivo od koprive (504), vodeni ekstrakt rastavića (preparat 508). Upoznavanje sa biodinamičkim preparatima i načinima njihove primene jedan je od koraka ka njihovom potencijalnom uvođenju u praksu u organskoj proizvodnji.The increase of areas under organic production, as well as the demand for organic products have started and intensified the research that aim to improve and define agricultural practices for the further development of this production system. The aim of this paper is to present practical methods that can improve the existing production process in organic production. Strategic commitment to sustainable development and introduction of sustainable cultivation systems is a process that involves the harmonization of different spheres of production, but also the entire food production chain. Organic production and biodynamic agriculture have proven to be the most efficient systems of sustainable agriculture.The focus of both cultivation systems is on maintaining biological balance, where everything in the food chain must be under strict control in all segments. Biodynamic agriculture is a good example of a sustainable system of agricultural production with characteristic methods and applications of preparations that makes it recognizable. We differentiate nine biodynamic preparations that are used for spraying of soil and plants and for compost. In modern research, plant extracts are often in use, which in terms of preparation are very similar to biodynamic preparations and it can be used in organic production. The most commonly used liquid fertilizer is from nettle (504) and water extract of horsetail (preparation 508). Introduction of biodynamic preparations and methods for application are the one of the steps towards their potential use in practice in organic production