Investigation on Primary Breakup of High-Pressure Diesel Spray Atomization by Method of Automatic Identifying Droplet Feature Based on Eulerian–Lagrangian Model

To investigate primary breakup close to an injector, this paper presents both experimental and numerical research on high-pressure common-rail diesel injection. We propose a new method named SD-ELSA model to realize automatically identifying droplet features for high-pressure diesel spray based on the classic ELSA (Eulerian Lagrangian Spray Atomization) model; this method is suitable for varied injection operation conditions. The SD-ELSA first identifies the liquid bulk due to breakup of the continuous phase in near field, and then converts the Eulerian liquid bulk into Lagrangian particles to complete the calculation of the total spray atomization. The SD-ELSA model adopts two key criteria, i.e., the sphericity (S) and the particle diameter (D); the qualified liquid mass is transformed into Lagrangian particle, realizing the coupling of the Eulerian–Lagrangian model. The SD-ELSA model illustrates the total diesel spray atomization process from the breakup liquid column to the droplets