Dong Ya shi ye xia de shi jie zhu yi: yi Chen Guanzhong, Li Zishu yu Wu Mingyi wei li = Cosmopolitanism in east Asian perspective : the cases of Chan Koon-chung, Li Zi-shu and Wu Ming-yi

M.Phil.Trends of Globalization have not only sparked the reconstruction of global authority relations since the Twentieth-century, but challenged the traditional boundaries of the nation-state as well as the equivalence between national geography and national literature. Against this backdrop, Sinophone studies have flourished in recent years and scholars emphasize on heterogeneous practices of language and culture of Sinophone communities in a variety of places. However, they mainly investigate how Chinese writers outside of Greater China deconstructed and reconstructed the concept of “Chinese Literature.” Discussions about these writers’ reflections on relations between the local and the globe from a non-centralized position are very limited. Therefore, the world perspectives of Sinophone Literature have been largely neglected. Certain contemporary writers from East Asian regions including Hong Kong, Malaysia and Taiwan explore the connection between the local and the global, and further reflect on their own identities. Their revisit of the notion of Cosmopolitanism in a particular historical-political context of East Asian leads to different viewpoints from the Western world. Some writers even take the double marginalized position of the “Other” in order resist the grand history and the grand narrative.This thesis focuses on the novels written by three renown contemporary writers namely Chan Koon-chung 陳冠中 , Li Zi-shu 黎紫書 and Wu Ming-yi 吳明益 from Hong Kong, Malaysia and Taiwan respectively. It aims at investigating how these three writers borrowed, transformed and practised the notions of Cosmopolitanism when it was once introduced to their city or country. It further examines how they demonstrate the collaboration and confrontation between the political cultural power and individual subjects in their writings of Cosmopolitanism under the perspective of East Asia. Chan Koon-chung proposes the idea of “multicultural-hybrid-cosmopolitanism” as a theoretical framework for establishing the self-representation of Hong Kong. Li Zi-shu, for her part, deconstructs the grand history of Malaysian Chinese through her fictional writings and these concern the issue of ethnic politics which echoes with Homi Bhabha’s vernacular cosmopolitanism. Wu Ming-yi’s vision of the world is related to the eco-cosmopolitanism and its relation to mythological systems in literature, thereby establishing the connection between Taiwan and the world. Based on the analysis of these three writers’ narrative strategies, this thesis attempts to investigate their different standpoints of redefining Cosmopolitanism in East Asian perspective, and their aspiration of establishing a dialogue with the Western world.二十世紀全球化風潮除了帶來全球權力關係的重構之外，還 鬆動了 民族國家 (nation-state) 的邊界觀念，以及 國族地理與國家文學之間的對等現象 繼 而促成華語語系 (Sinophone) 討論的基礎。 針對近年方興未艾的 華語語系論述，研究者主要 探討中國大陸以外「非中心」的華文作家如何 解構或重構中國文學的意涵，鮮有 關注他們在國家權力中心以外的位置如何思考本土與 世界 的關聯 ，因而忽略了華文文學創作 與世界接軌的 複雜面向。本文以為 香港、馬來西亞 、 台灣等 東亞地區的作家 試圖通過檢視西方 世界主 義 (cosmopolitanism) 的內容，探討 本土與世界的連繫所在，進一步辯證地反思自身的身 份 認同。 職是，在東亞脈絡底下的世界主義，不但在引介、翻譯、雜糅和轉化過程裡形構出有別於西方視野的觀點，甚至成為具雙重邊緣性的 東亞地區作家 用以調和或抵抗大歷史／大敘述的工具。本文選取香港、馬來西亞、台灣三地的當代華文文學代表 作家 陳冠中、黎紫書 和 吳明益為研究個案，析論 世界主義 如何 被三位作家借用、改造和實踐，繼而探討東亞視野下的世界主義如何再現文化權力與主體位置之間的角力與協調。 陳冠中有意識地 揉合「雜種」、「多文化主義」與「世界主義」三個概念 ，提出以 多文化雜種世界主義 作為 香港 自我表述的理論語言 黎紫書 小說 對 馬華歷史和 族群政治議題 的 解構 ，則與 巴巴 (Homi Bhabha) 的 本土世界主義 理論相互呼應；吳明益的世界性關懷則指向全球化下 的生態世界主義 (eco-cosmopolitanism) 和神話系統之間的聯繫 ，藉此建立台灣本土與世界的連結。通 過分析三位作家的寫作策略，本文希望指出形塑東亞視野下的世界主義的不同立足點，以及他們嘗試與西方世界建立對話關係的意圖。郭曉琳."2020年8月".Parallel title from English abstract.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2020.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-156).Abstract also in English.Title from PDF title page (viewed on March 11, 2022).Guo Xiaolin