Patient factors associated with titration of medical therapy in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: data from the QUALIFY international registry

Aims Failure to prescribe key medicines at evidence-based doses is associated with increased mortality and hospitalization for patients with Heart Failure with reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF). We assessed titration patterns of guideline-recommended HFrEF medicines internationally and explored associations with patient characteristics in the global, prospective, observational, longitudinal registry. Methods and results Data were collected from September 2013 through December 2014, with 7095 patients from 36 countries [>18 years, previous HF hospitalization within 1–15 months, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40%] enrolled, with dosage data at baseline and up to 18 months from 4368 patients. In 4368 patients (mean age 63 ± 17 years, 75% male) ≥ 100% target doses at baseline: 30.6% (ACEIs), 2.9% (ARBs), 13.9% (BBs), 53.8% (MRAs), 26.2% (ivabradine). At final follow-up, ≥100% target doses achieved in more patients for ACEI (34.8%), BB (18.0%), and ivabradine (30.5%) but unchanged for ARBs (3.2%) and MRAs (53.7%). Adjusting for baseline dosage, uptitration during follow-up was more likely with younger age, higher systolic blood pressure, and in absence of chronic kidney disease or diabetes for ACEIs/ARBs; younger age, higher body mass index, higher heart rate, lower LVEF, and absence of coronary artery disease for BBs. For ivabradine, uptitration was more likely with higher resting heart rate. Conclusions The international QUALIFY Registry suggests that few patients with HFrEF achieve target doses of disease-modifying medication, especially older patients and those with co-morbidity. Quality improvement initiatives are urgently required