PRODUCTIVITY OF WINTER WHEAT CROP ROTATIONS AND METHODS OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES IMPROVEMENT IN THE FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS OF THE VOLGA REGION

The article presents the results of an assessment of the yield of oil-bearing crops (oilseed flax, white mustard, spring rape), winter wheat and comparative productivity of crop rotation links with two schemes of main tillage and two levels of plant protection in the stationary three-factor field experiment in the forest-steppe zone of the Volga region. During the years of the research, the crop yield of oil flax was 0.18-1.33 t/ha, of white mustard – 1.05-1.35 t/ha, of spring rape – 1.14-1.52 t/ha of oilseeds, with a significant increase under the combined treatment of soil in the crop rotation and adaptive-integrated plant protection (treatment of seeds, use of herbicides, insecticides, fungicides and bio fungicides). The yield of winter wheat varied according to the forecrop: clean fallow – 5.72 t/ha > after white mustard – 4.75 t/ha > after spring rape – 4.54 t/ha > after oilseed flax – 4.44 t/ha. An assessment of the comparative productivity of crop rotations with winter wheat showed that they can be placed in the following descending order: white mustard – winter wheat – 3.18 > oilseed flax – winter wheat – 3.14 > spring rape – winter wheat – 3.08 > clean fallow – winter wheat – 2.86 thousand grain units per 1 ha. Thus, the use of crop rotation links with cultivated fallows and partial replacement of clean fallows is a promising direction from the perspective of using arable land on the principles of crop rotation, especially in agricultural landscapes with high erosion risk