Printed Modular Distance Learning in Philippine Public Elementary Schools in Time of COVID-19 Pandemic: Quality, Implementation, and Challenges

Coronavirus Disease 2019 forced educational sectors worldwide to implement various distance learning modalities. In the Philippines, printed modular distance learning modality was implemented to continue delivering quality and relevant education amid the pandemic. Thus, this study assessed the quality and implementation of PMDL in public elementary schools. Likewise, this study ranked the challenges encountered by the teachers in the quality and implementation of PMDL. Using descriptive and inferential analyses, the results revealed that both quality and implementation of PMDL were consistently excellent, indicating the adherence of the modality to the national standards set by the Department of Education. However, significantly lower quality of PMDL among small and medium schools and the encountered challenges of teachers on assessments, activities, outputs, parents' incapacity, inconsistent participation, and compliance established the need for instructional supervision