Analysis of the position of civil initiatives in the environmental protection system

Okoljska civilna iniciativa je neformalna samoorganizirana oblika interesnega združevanja posameznikov s konkretnimi cilji na področju okoljevarstva. Pri uresničevanju zastavljenih ciljev se iniciative srečujejo z različnimi omejitvami, zato sta bila namen in glavni raziskovalni izziv dela preučitev položaja iniciativ v sistemu varstva okolja v Sloveniji ter njihovih pravno formalnih in neformalnih možnosti, ki jih imajo na voljo kot entitete brez pravne subjektivitete in finančne moči. Pristop raziskovanja je temeljil na metodi deskripcije, kompilacije, induktivne metode, metode analize in sinteze, normativne analize in študije primera na izbrani nevladni okoljski organizaciji. V okviru analize je bilo ugotovljeno, da okoljske civilne iniciative lahko dosežejo legitimne učinke na posredni (npr. prek nevladne okoljske organizacije) ali neposredni način (npr. s pobudo za oceno ustavnosti in zakonitosti predpisa), kljub pravni neregulaciji področja, praznini pri opredelitvi pojma in nepriznavanju pravne subjektivitete, vendar so načini za ravnanja razpršeni po različnih predpisih. Pri vprašanju pravnega postopanja je razjasnjeno, da se odvisnost okoljskih civilnih iniciativ od nevladnih okoljskih organizacij kaže v tem, da lahko le slednje, skladno z zakonodajo in ob izpolnjevanju pogojev, prevzamejo vlogo glavne stranke upravnega ali sodnega postopka, ki zastopa konkretne okoljevarstvene cilje. Prispevek raziskovanja se kaže v naboru informacij na enem mestu, z atributi pravnega opismenjevanja, ozaveščanja in konkretnosti, ker predstavljajo pravno dovoljene možnosti, orodja in ravnanja okoljskih civilnih iniciativ v sistemu varstva okolja v Sloveniji. Ker prispevek spodbuja h krepitvi proaktivnosti civilnih iniciativ, se kot posledica njihovega udejstvovanja istočasno ustvarja, preoblikuje in nadgrajuje boljša podstat za učinkovitejši dialog z oblastjo ter kakovostnejše okoljske rešitve.The environmental civilian initiative is an informal self-organized form of interest grouping of individuals with concrete goals in the field of environmental protection. In achieving the set goals, the initiatives face various limitations, so the purpose and main research challenge of the thesis was to examine the position of initiatives in the environmental protection system in Slovenia and their legal formal and informal possibilities available as entities without legal personality and financial powers. The research approach was based on the method of description, compilation, inductive methods, methods of analysis and synthesis, normative analysis and a case study on a selected environmental NGO. The analysis has found that environmental civilian initiatives can achieve legitimate effects in an indirect (e.g. through an environmental NGO) or direct way (e.g. through an initiative to assess the constitutionality and legality of a regulation), despite legal non-regulation of the area, gaps in the definition and non-recognition of the legal personality, but possibilities for action are dispersed under different regulations. On the issue of legal proceedings, it was clarified that the dependence of environmental civil initiatives on environmental NGOs is reflected in the fact that only the environmental NGOS, in accordance with the law and eligibility, can take on the role of the main party in administrative or judicial proceedings with the aim of defending the concrete environmental objectives. The contribution of the research is reflected in a set of information in one place, with the attributes of legal literacy, awareness and concreteness, as the information represents the legally permitted possibilities, tools and actions of environmental civil initiatives in the environmental protection system in Slovenia. As the contribution encourages the strengthening of the proactivity of civic initiatives, a better basis for a more effective dialogue with the authorities and better environmental solutions is being simultaneously created, transformed and upgraded