VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL E CORRELAÇÃO DOS ATRIBUTOS DO SOLO COM PRODUTIVIDADE DO MILHO E DA SOJA

The use of precision farming techniques, associated with geostatistical analysis, makes it possible to map the spatial variability in a production field. The knowledge of variability is an important tool in decision making regarding the management of the area, since it allows it to be carried out in a localized manner. The study was carried out in a plot of Fazenda Planalto, located in the municipality of Maracaju - MS, with the objective of evaluating the spatial variability and correlation between the chemical and granulometric attributes of the soil and the corn and soybeans yield. A sampling grid containing 187 points was used, using 10 simple soil samples per sample point. No spatial dependence was detected for calcium, aluminum, potential acidity, sum of bases, iron and zinc. The best estimates in unsampled locations were obtained for sand and clay. The soybeans yield showed strong spatial dependence and was positively correlated strongly with phosphorus and moderately with magnesium.O emprego de técnicas de agricultura de precisão, associadas a análises geoestatísticas, possibilita mapear a variabilidade espacial existente em um campo de produção. O conhecimento da variabilidade é importante ferramenta na tomada de decisões quanto ao manejo da área, uma vez que possibilita que este seja realizado de forma localizada. O estudo foi realizado em um talhão da Fazenda Planalto, localizada no município de Maracaju – MS, com o objetivo de avaliar a variabilidade espacial e correlação entre os atributos químicos e granulométricos do solo e a produtividade do milho e da soja. Foi utilizada uma grade amostral contendo 187 pontos, utilizando-se 10 amostras simples de solo por ponto amostral. Não foi detectado dependência espacial para o cálcio, alumínio, acidez potencial, soma de bases, ferro e zinco. As melhores estimativas em locais não amostrados foram obtidos para a areia e argila. A produtividade da soja apresentou forte dependência espacial e se correlacionou positivamente de forma forte com o fósforo e moderada com o magnésio. Palavras-chave: Latossolo; dependência espacial; Glycine max; Zea mays. Spatial variability and correlation of chemicals and physical soil attributes with corn and soybean yield ABSTRACT: The use of precision farming techniques, associated with geostatistical analysis, makes it possible to map the spatial variability in a production field. The knowledge of variability is an important tool in decision making regarding the management of the area, since it allows it to be carried out in a localized manner. The study was carried out in a plot of Fazenda Planalto, located in the municipality of Maracaju - MS, with the objective of evaluating the spatial variability and correlation between the chemical and granulometric attributes of the soil and the corn and soybeans yield. A sampling grid containing 187 points was used, using 10 simple soil samples per sample point. No spatial dependence was detected for calcium, aluminum, potential acidity, sum of bases, iron and zinc. The best estimates in unsampled locations were obtained for sand and clay. The soybeans yield showed strong spatial dependence and was positively correlated strongly with phosphorus and moderately with magnesium. Keywords: Oxisol; spatial dependence; Glycine max; Zea mays