Migrations in the nature and mission of the Church. Basic attitudes and specific theological challenges

Jedan od velikih fenomena današnjeg svijeta, a time i jedan od velikih izazova koji se stavlja pred Crkvu jesu migracije. U ovome se članku pokušava teološki promišljati o tom fenomenu, o značenju koje on ima za Crkvu, te o posebnosti izazova koji migracije stavljaju pred teologiju. Najprije se pokazuje kako je Crkva ozbiljno pristupala tom fenomenu tijekom čitave svoje povijesti. Međutim, nemoguće je obuhvatiti raspon djelovanja Crkve na tom području. Jednako je i kada se želi prikazati sve intervencije učiteljstva i teološke perspektive pristupa migracijama. Stoga ovdje ukratko predstavljamo najvažnije dokumente crkvenog učiteljstva, te istaknuto mjesto koje migracije imaju u pontifikatu pape Franje. Potom se, u drugome dijelu, pokušava pokazati kako je fenomen migracija u samoj naravi Crkve, koja je putujuća i misionarska. Te su dvije dimenzije, iako različite, neodvojive. Crkva nije samo usmjerena prema migrantima nego je ona trajno migrirajuća ukoliko je uvijek na putu prema svome konačnom dovršetku u nebeskoj slavi. Ona je također migrirajuća ukoliko je poslanje Kristovih učenika ići svim narodima, ali i ukoliko vjera Kristovih učenika podrazumijeva trajni nutarnji izlazak. U trećem se dijelu pokušava dati vlastito shvaćanje posebnosti teološkog promišljanja o migracijama, koje se opisuje kroz dvije perspektive, dogmatsku i evangelizacijsku. Na kraju, u zaključku, sažima se važnost migracija za vjeru i Crkvu, te se pokazuje kakvu teologiju zahtijeva fenomen migracija.One of the great phenomena of today\u27s world, and thus one of the great challenges facing the Church, is migration. This article tries to think theologically about this phenomenon, about the meaning it has for the Church, and about particular challenges that migration poses to theology. First it is presented how the Church has taken this phenomenon seriously throughout its history. However, it is impossible to cover the whole range of the Church\u27s activities in this area. It is the same when one wants to show all the interventions of the magisterium and the theological perspectives of the approach to migration. Therefore, here we briefly present the most important documents of church teaching, and the prominent place that migrations have in the pontificate of Pope Francis. Then, in the second part, an attempt is made to show how the phenomenon of migration is in the very nature of the Church, since she is a traveling and missionary Church. These two dimensions, although different, are inseparable. The Church is not only directed towards migrants but she is permanently migrating if she is always on the way to her final completion in heavenly glory. It is also migratory if the mission of Christ\u27s disciples is to go to all nations, but also if the faith of Christ\u27s disciples implies a lasting inner exodus. The third part tries to give our own understanding of the peculiarities of theological thinking about migration, which is described through two perspectives, dogmatic and evangelizing. Finally, the conclusion summarizes the importance of migration for the faith and the Church, and shows what kind of theology the phenomenon of migration requires