Cene kao faktor efektivnosti proizvodnje kukuruza na porodičnim gazdinstvima

The effectiveness of maize production on family farms depends on many factors such as production costs, achieved yields, level and parity of prices for used inputs and the price of final product, the level and type of subsidies and similar. In this paper the influence of prices of inputs and outputs on the effectiveness of maize production was examined, based on data collected in the period of 2005 to 2017 through the survey of 25 family farms aimed at crop production from the territory of Južni Banat, part of the Vojvodina region, size of 10-20 hectares of arable land. The gross margin was used to measure the effectiveness of maize production. Changes in the prices of inputs and outputs in the analysed period suggests the existence of disparity of prices at the expense of output, since the prices of inputs used in the maize production were significantly higher and grew faster. Using the regression analysis it was established that the price of corn has a very significant influence (p lt 0.01), while achieved yields had a statistically significant effect on the gross margin (p lt 0.05). In addition, the regression model, as a whole, is statistically significant because the F-ratio=21.028 was graded as very significant (p lt 0.01).Efektivnost proizvodnje kukuruza na porodičnim gazdinstvima uslovljena je brojnim faktorima kao što su: ostvareni prinosi, troškovi proizvodnje, nivo i paritet cena korišćenih inputa i cena finalnog proizvoda, nivo i vrste podsticaja i sl. U ovom radu je, na osnovu podataka prikupljanih metodom ankete na 25 porodičnih gazdinstava, veličine 10-20 ha obradivog zemljišta, usmerenih na ratarsku proizvodnju, sa područja Južnobanatske oblasti regiona Vojvodine, sprovedenom u periodu 2005-2017. godina ispitivan uticaj cena inputa i autputa na efektivnost proizvodnje kukuruza. Za merenje efektivnosti proizvodnje kukuruza korišćena je bruto marža. Kretanja cena inputa i autputa u posmatranom vremenskom periodu upućuje na zaključak o postojanju (dispariteta) makaza cena na štetu autputa, budući da su cene inputa korišćenih za proizvodnju kukuruza znatno više i brže rasle. Regresionom analizom ustanovljeno je da cena kukuruza ima veoma značajan uticaj (p lt 0,01), dok ostvareni prinos kukuruza ima statistički značajan uticaj na bruto maržu (p lt 0,05). Pored toga, regresioni model u celini pokazuje statističku značajnost jer je F-odnos=21,028 ocenjen kao veoma značajan (p lt 0,01)