Add to ORKGBacteriophages represent separate group of viruses able to infect bacteria. Being able to attack and destroy bacterial cells and control their population in the environment, bacteriophages drew attention soon after their discovery in the beginning of 20th century. However, lack of knowledge about their biology and ecology resulted in limited success of early trials in phage therapy of bacterial diseases. In 40s of the last century, after discovery of antibiotics, phage based therapy was entirely abandoned. During the following several decades antibiotics were used as a powerful antibacterial tool. However, uncontrolled and excessive application of antibiotics led to occurrence of resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria. Such situation cont...