Savremena rešenja za dobijanje električne energije u vetroelektranama male i velike snage

Today, wind energetic is a modern, technically and technologically highly developed industry, with the biggest trend of development in the last decade (about 32%); it is an industry which experienced a powerful development of new composite materials, electric machines and power supply electronics along with a new knowledge being acquired and constructions made in the field of aeromechanics. In this paper special attention is given to configuring contemporary wind generator plants (types of generators, turbines controllers, measuring, controlling and protection equipment, software for the simulation of operation which takes into account relevant wind and electric parameters) in accordance with the existing commercial technology in the world. The operation of particular wind generators which are autonomous systems is specially studied. Also are studied the ways in which individual generators or smaller farms of wind generators are connected to the electric grid, and the problem of the quality of delivered energy, and system stability.Vetroenergetika danas predstavlja modernu, tehnički i tehnološki visoko razvijenu industriju sa najvećim trendom razvoja u poslednjoj deceniji (oko 32 %) u kojoj je izvršen snažan razvoj novih kompozitnih materijala električnih mašina, energetske elektronike, uz nova znanja i konstrukcije u oblasti aeromehanike. Naročita pažnja u ovom radu posvećena je konfiguraciji savremenih vetrogeneratorskih postrojenja male i velike snage u skladu sa u svetu postojećom komercijalnom tehnologijom. Analizirani su tipovi generatora, turbina, kontroler, merna, regulaciona i zaštitna oprema, softver za simulaciju rada uz uvažavanje relevantnih vetro i elektro parametara. Posebno je proučen rad pojedinačnih vetrogeneratora koji čine autonomni sistem, kao i priključenje pojedinačnih ili manjih farmi vetrogeneratora na električnu mrežu, uključujući i problem kvaliteta isporučene električne energije i stabilnost sistema