HYBRIDITY, CREATIVITY, AND SUSTAINABILITY OF PATROL MUSIC IN JEMBER, EAST JAVA

The aim of this study was to find out how patrol music has been developing in Jember and what challenges were faced by local musicians in sustaining the life cycle of patrol music. Informed by the literature and based on the results of semi-structured interviews, this study found that patrol music serves as not only a musical but also a social instrument that has changing functions among the society in Jember. Movements of local people from and to Jember had made patrol evolve in its musical elements, such as addition of musical instruments and the choice of contemporary songs to be performed. Despite criticisms addressed by earlier generations of musicians, this hybridity of this traditional music indicated creativity of younger local musicians who intended to show that patrol music can adapt to new cultures brought by new comers in Jember. However, the sustainability of patrol music has been impeded by lack of funds, insufficient support from the regional government, limited communication among musicians, and problems in regeneration of patrol musicians. Responding to these challenges, recommendations for the local government and musicians are discussed. Keywords Patrol; music; Jember; hybridity; sustainability