[[alternative]]Explore factors related to knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of new nursing staff on postmortem care.

[[abstract]]「遺體護理」為重要的護理活動，遺體護理的過程雖然很短暫，但影響家屬的喪親悲傷歷程，過程中的互動展現護理人員獨特的護理功能，融入宗教、文化習俗的遺體清潔、更衣與熟知後續遺體處理的程序，提供靈性照護能撫慰家屬哀傷，然新進護理人員對遺體護理相關知能的準備甚少被探討。本研究目的為瞭解新進護理人員對遺體護理的知識、態度及自我效能之現況，與探討相關影響的因素。採橫斷式研究設計，以參酌學者編修之結構式問卷「遺體護理知識量表」、「遺體護理及死亡態度量表」、「執行遺體護理自我效能量表」進行資料收集，以北部某醫學中心新進兩年內之護理人員為研究對象，採集束抽樣隨機選取30個病房單位，施測時間為109年9月30至11月30日，發出162份問卷，回收140份，回收率88%，資料以SPSS 22.0套裝軟體進行分析。研究結果新進護理人員遺體護理知識、態度、自我效能平均得分與標準差依序為12.89±2.562、4.29±0.47、4.06±0.43，將各量表轉換為百分比後，分別為56%、71.5%、81.2%，顯示新進護理人員對遺體護理及死亡態度趨於正向，有高執行遺體護理自我效能，然對遺體護理知識有待加強；影響新進護理人員遺體護理知識、態度、自我效能人口學變項，遺體護理知識及遺體護理自我效能隨年齡(F= -2.934，p<0.01；F= -3.430，p<0.01)、工作年資的增加(F=7.143，p<0.001；F=5.008，p<0.01)、工作單位屬性為內科或腫瘤病房(F=3.883，p<0.05；F=3.257，p<0.01)、遺體護理經驗次數越多(F=5.748，p<0.01；F=5.422，p<0.01)分數越高；而遺體護理及死亡態度則與工作單位屬性上呈現差異，內科或腫瘤病房高於外科病房( F=3.447，p<0.05)；無宗教信仰者，遺體護理自我效能高於有宗教信仰者，呈顯著差異( F=2.121，p<0.05)；知識、態度、自我效能三者的相關，僅遺體護理及死亡態度與自我效能呈現相關(γ=0.345，p < 0.01)；影響新進護理人員遺體護理自我效能的三個變項分別為「工作年資」、「遺體護理經驗次數」及「對遺體護理及死亡的態度」，可解釋遺體護理自我效能30%的變異量，調整後的變異量具24%的解釋力。根據研究結果，建議應加強新進護理人員知能的準備，將遺體護理納入新進人員三個月訓練計畫中，可透過模擬情境、角色扮演及經驗分享等教學策略有助於內化為個人的經驗，增進相關知能。[[abstract]]ABSTRACT&quot;Post mortem care&quot; is an important nursing activity performed by nursing staff for a patient. Although post mortem care takes only a little part of inpatient care, it is important that the body care process has a significant influence on the bereavement process of a family. Furthermore, the interaction of the nursing staff with the deceased and the family also demonstrates the unique functions of nursing, which integrates religion and culture into the body cleaning, changing clothes, as well as the final disposition of a dead body, and provides spiritual care to comfort the grief of family members. As mentioned above, the nursing staff play an important role in the process of post mortem care, but the related ability and knowledge have seldom been discussed in new nursing staff. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to understand the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy of new nursing staff on performing the post mortem care procedure, and discuss the related factors. This cross-sectional study refers to the structured questionnaire, such as &quot;Remaining Nursing Knowledge, Conscious Cognition Course&quot;, &quot;Remaining Nursing and Death State Scale&quot;, and &quot;Self-Efficacy Scale for Performing Remaining Nursing&quot; developed by other scholars as research tools to investigate the new nursing staff in a medical center in North Taiwan. We used cluster sampling to randomly choose the new nursing staff from thirty wards between September 30, 2020, to November 30, 2020, and 162 questionnaires were sent out with 140 questionnaires back (recovery rate: 88%). We employed the SPSS 22.0 software for analysis, and the results of the study were shown in average and standard deviation. The new nursing staff scored 12.89 ± 2.562 points in the part of knowledge, 4.29 ± 0.47 points for attitude, and 4.06 ± 0.43 points for self-efficacy of body care. We converted the scales into percentages, which revealed 56%, 71.5%, and 81.2% respectively. These results revealed that new nursing staff has a positive attitude and high self-efficacy about post mortem care, but there is still much room for improvement in the knowledge and physiology of death as well as transplant. When it comes to the demographic variables, we could find that knowledge and self-efficacy improved as increased age (F = -2.934, p <0.01; F = -3.430, p <0.01), increased working experience (F = 7.143, p <0.001; F = 5.008, p <0.01), work in internal medicine or oncology ward (F = 3.883, p <0.05; F = 3.257, p <0.01), as well as increased experience of post-mortem care (F = 5.748, p <0.01; F = 5.422, p <0.01); while attitudes could attribute to the work unit, with internal medicine or oncology wards higher than surgical wards (F = 3.447, p <0.05); people without religious beliefs have significantly higher self-efficacy in post-mortem care than those with religious beliefs (F = 2.121, p <0.05). The outcome showed no significant correlation between self-efficacy and knowledge, while attitude has a significantly positive correlation with self-efficacy (γ = 0.345, p