[[alternative]]Effect of Wuqinxi Exercise on Physical Benefits in Middle-aged and elderly women

[[abstract]]背景：高齡化為全球趨勢，相對也伴隨慢性疾病增加，而追求健康長壽是人類的願景。然而，五禽戲運動為傳統的養生功法，著重在肺部功能、肌肉適能與專注全身的連動與協調。因此，本研究希望透過科學量化的研究，提供中老年女性一套養身功法，以達到自我保健且成功老化。目的：探討10週的五禽戲運動介入對肺部功能、肌肉適能與認知功能之影響。方法：本研究於北部地區社團人員招募36-70歲的女性，持續練習養身功法一年以上者為五禽戲組，及一般運動持續一年以上者為一般組，每組各18人，觀察10週運動 (1週1次，1次60分鐘) 介入前、後之肺功能、呼吸肌力、肌肉適能及認知功能之差異，評估五禽戲及一般運動對身體健康之影響。實驗結果以混合設計二因子變異數分析 (two-way ANOVA) 進行分析。結果：經10週的運動介入後，在肺功能方面，五禽戲組在潮氣量後測高於前測 (前vs後：0.60±0.18 vs 0.75±0.20 l/s，p=.01)，且五禽戲組在最大呼氣流量後測高於前測 (前vs後：5.40±0.87 vs 5.87±1.06 l/s，p=.02)；另在最大吸氣肌力，五禽戲組後測高於前測 (前vs後：36.25±13.10 vs 43.71±12.84 l/s，p=.01)，而在最大呼氣肌力，兩組皆無顯著差異；另外，在肌肉適能方面， 10週運動介入後兩組均能改善，上肢肌力部分五禽戲組 (前vs後：23.28±5.41 vs 25.39±4.86 kg，p=.00) 與一般組 (前vs後：25.12±5.37 vs 27.20±4.33 kg，p=.00)，下肢肌耐力部分五禽戲組 (前vs後：19.67±4.65 vs 23.39±4.88 次，p=.00) 與一般組 (前vs後：20.78±4.70 vs 24.83±5.50次，p=.00)；在認知功能方面，10週運動介入後兩組均能改善平均反應速度，五禽戲組(前vs後：0.82±0.08 vs 0.78±0.06秒，p=.00) 一般組 (前vs後：0.83±0.13 vs 0.82±0.12秒，p=.83)；然而在兩組間肺部功能、呼吸肌力、肌肉適能及認知功能未達顯著差異。結論：10週五禽戲運動訓練和維持一般運動訓練，對於中老年女性都有助於提升呼氣儲備容積(ERV)、最大吸氣肌力(PImax)、平均每次吸氣量(PIave)、上肢肌力與下肢肌耐力。[[abstract]]Background: Population aging is a global phenomenon, which is accompanied by an increase in chronic diseases. The pursuit of health and longevity is the goal of mankind. Wuqinxi is a traditional health-preserving exercise that focuses on the linkage and coordination of lung function, muscle fitness, and the whole body. Therefore, this research hopes to provide middle-aged and elderly women with a set of exercises for self-care and successful aging through scientific and quantitative research. Objective: To explore the effects of a 10-week Wuqinxi exercise intervention on lung function, muscle fitness and cognitive function. Methods: This study recruited women aged 36 to 70 from the northern regions. Those who continued to practice health training for more than one year were assigned to the Wuqinxi group, and those who exercised for more than one year belonged to the control group. Each group had 18 participants. 10 weeks of exercise (Once time a week, 60 minutes for each session) Differences in lung function, respiratory muscle pressure, muscle fitness and cognitive function before and after intervention, to assess the effects of Wuqinxi on physical health. The experimental results were analyzed by mixed design two-way ANOVA (two-way ANOVA). Results: The lung function of the Wuqinxi group had a significant difference in tidal volume before and after 10 weeks of exercise intervention (before vs. after: 0.60±0.18 vs 0.75±0.20, p=.01), The maximal expiratory flow of the Wuqinxi group was significantly increase compared with before practicing (before vs. after: 5.40±0.87 vs 5.87±1.06, p=.02). In addition, the maximal inspiratory muscle pressure (MIP) of the Wuqinxi group was significantly improved after the 10-weeks exercise (before vs. after: 36.25±13.10 vs 43.71±12.84, p=.01). There was no significant difference in the maximal expiratory pressure between the two observation groups. In terms of muscle fitness, both groups were higher than before 10 weeks of practicing. Part of the Wuqinxi group (before vs. after: 23.28±5.41 vs 25.39±4.86, p=.00) and general group (before vs. after: 25.12±5.37 vs 27.20±4.33, p=.00). In terms of lower limb muscle endurance, Wuqinxi group (before vs. after: 19.67±4.65 vs 23.39±4.88, p=.00) and general group (before vs. after: 20.78±4.70 vs 24.83±5.50, p=.00) In terms of cognitive function, the Wuqinxi group showed the higher average response speed after the 10-weeks exercise (before vs. after: 0.82±0.08 vs. 0.78±0.06, p=.00). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the general group (before vs. after: 0.83±0.13 vs 0.82±0.12, p=.83). However, no significant differences were found in lung function, respiratory muscle strength, muscle fitness, and cognitive function between the two groups. Conclusion: The ten-weeks Wuqinxi training and maintenance of general sports training are helpful for middle-aged and elderly women to increase expiratory reserve volume (ERV), maximum inspiratory muscle strength (PImax), average inspiratory volume (PIave), upper limb muscles strength and endurance of lower limb muscles