International audienceDomestication and diffusion of cereals lead to major transformation in ancient civilizations. For broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum), initiatives from several research groups aim at precising the timing and pathways of its diffusion from its Asian cradle during the 6th millennium BC to Western Europe during the Bronze Age, mostly from charred seeds recovered in archaeological contexts. An alternative approach consists of detecting miliacin, a molecular biomarkers that is specific to millet in lake sediments. The first occurrence of miliacin in sediments attests to the beginning of millet cultivation in the catchment and the evolution of miliacin concentration helps unraveling the dynamics of millet cultivation and co...