The origin and legacy of the Etruscans through a 2000-year archeogenomic time transect
- Posth, C.
- Zaro, V.
- Spyrou, M.A.
- Vai, S.
- Gnecchi-Ruscone, G.A.
- Modi, A.
- Peltzer, A.
- Motsch, A.
- Nagele, K.
- Vagene, A.J.
- Nelson, E.A.
- Radzeviciute, R.
- Freund, C.
- Bondioli, L.M.
- Cappuccini, L.
- Frenzel, H.
- Pacciani, E.
- Boschin, F.
- Capecchi, G.
- Martini, I.
- Moroni, A.
- Ricci, S.
- Sperduti, A.
- Turchetti, M.A.
- Riga, A.
- Zavattaro, M.
- Zifferero, A.
- Heyne, H.O.
- Fernandez-Dominguez, E.
- Kroonen, G.J.
- McCormick, M.
- Haak, W.
- Lari, M.
- Barbujani, G.
- Bondioli, L.
- Bos, K.I.
- Caramelli, D.
- Krause, J.
DOIAbstract
The origin, development, and legacy of the enigmatic Etruscan civilization from the central region of the Italian peninsula known as Etruria have been debated for centuries. Here we report a genomic time transect of 82 individuals spanning almost two millennia (800 BCE to 1000 CE) across Etruria and southern Italy. During the Iron Age, we detect a component of Indo-European-associated steppe ancestry and the lack of recent Anatolian-related admixture among the putative non-Indo-European-speaking Etruscans. Despite comprising diverse individuals of central European, northern African, and Near Eastern ancestry, the local gene pool is largely maintained across the first millennium BCE. This drastically changes during the Roman Imperial period ...
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