The article presents the results of a master's research developed in the Graduate program in Education for science and Mathematics of the State University of Maringá - UEM, concluded in the year 2017. The work intended to investigate the potential of the history of mathematics in early years of elementary education from the use of an activity on numbering systems. An activity was carried out with pupils of the fourth year of elementary school of a public schools located in the municipality of Moreira Sales – Paraná, considering properties of the Mayan, Chinese and Indo-Arabic numbering systems. Through this implementation we pursued to identify the pedagogical potentials of the history of mathematics described by Antonio Miguel and Maria An...