Diabetes mellitus after kidney transplantation and associated factors its development in a reference service of Ceará State

Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) remains as an important complication after organ transplantation (Tx) and its occurrence is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Its incidence is widely variable ranging from 2.5% to 45%. Despite that, renal transplantation is accepted as the most effective choice of therapy and the one that offers the best quality of life for patients with terminal chronic renal disease. The aim of this study is to characterize the incidence of PTDM and the factors associated with its development in renal transplant recipient population in a reference center in the state of Ceara, Brazil. This is a historical cohort study based on the assessment of medical records, which included patients undergoing renal transplantation in the period from January 2006 to December 2010, in a tertiary care public hospital in the State of Ceara, Brazil. During this period 430 kidney transplants were performed with 92 patients being excluded from study. Exclusion criteria included patients younger than 18 years old, those who underwent transplantation of another organ, those with less than three months post-transplantation follow-up and with insufficient data. Diabetes mellitus was a pre-Tx condition in 9.1% of patients. Hyperglycemia during the first post-Tx month was seen in 34,5% of the patients. The occurrence of DMPT found at the end of study was 19.9%, and the main factors associated with its development were: fasting blood glucose one month after Tx (p <0.001; OR = 1.05), the occurrence of acute rejection (p=0.003; OR = 6.43), pre-Tx impaired fasting blood glucose (p = 0.014; OR = 4.10) and a deceased donor Tx (p = 0.015; OR = 3.53). The main risk factors associated with its development were: acute rejection episodes, recipients from a deceased donor, impaired fasting glucose in the pre-Tx period and fasting blood glucose after the first 30 days post-Tx. Considering that the development of PTDM is associated with a higher risk of complications, the relevance of identifying the risk factors associated with its development would facilitate decision making regarding the optimization of preventive strategies during patient evaluation, before and after transplantation.O diabetes mellitus pós-transplante (DMPT) é uma importante complicação relacionada ao transplante (Tx) renal e a sua ocorrência está associada ao aumento de morbi-mortalidade. A incidência de DMPT reportada na literatura é variada, situando-se entre 2,5% e 45%. Apesar desta e de outras complicações, o Tx renal ainda é considerado a opção terapêutica mais eficaz e que oferece melhor qualidade de vida ao paciente com doença renal crônica terminal. Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a ocorrência de DMPT e os fatores associados ao seu desenvolvimento em pacientes transplantados renais em um serviço de referência do estado do Ceará. Trata-se da análise de uma coorte histórica, baseada em dados de prontuário, onde foram incluídos pacientes adultos submetidos a transplante renal no período de janeiro de 2006 a dezembro de 2010, em um hospital terciário da rede pública do estado do Ceará. Durante esse período, foram realizados 430 transplantes renais, tendo sido excluídos 92 pacientes. Foram excluídos os pacientes com idade inferior a 18 anos, aqueles submetidos a transplante de outro órgão, os que tiveram tempo de seguimento pós-transplante inferior a três meses e aqueles com dados insuficientes. Em 9,1% dos pacientes o DM já estava presente antes do Tx. Hiperglicemia durante o primeiro mês pós-Tx foi registrada em 34,5% dos receptores e a ocorrência de DMPT, até o final do estudo, foi de 19,9%. Os fatores que estiveram associados ao desenvolvimento de DMPT, após análise multivariada, foram: glicemia de jejum um mês após o Tx (p