Lu You Yuan Haowen yu Song Jin shi ge shi lun shu

在歷史上，南宋與金處於對峙狀態，兩方沒有文學與文化的交流，就詩歌而言，在當時是兩個獨立的詩壇，各自發展；但是在元、明以後的詩歌論述中，它們逐漸發生聯繫，最終被置於同一詩歌傳統中。究竟從分到合，是怎麼的一個過程？過程背後蘊含著甚麼文化及詩學觀念？陸游（1125-1210）、元好問（1190-1257）是繼蘇軾、黃庭堅以後，最著名的古典詩人，分別代表南宋、金源詩學。他們的詩論與詩作都一直是學界關注的議題。由於他們分屬南宋、金源，兩方詩學互不關涉，近世學者遂視他們為彼此無關的詩人。無論是文學通史還是斷代文學史，都是南北各自論述，陸、元絶無關聯。但是，筆者經研究發現，自元代以來，南宋、金詩便被關聯起來，不斷做對比與評價，而衡量標準實既牽涉到正統朔閏的政治問題，也涉及到詩學源流的審美問題。元初文人關注文化承傳，從時代政治判斷金詩優於南宋；明代復古派關注詩歌取徑，以兩者分屬中唐、晚唐，一概貶斥；而清代主變者關注詩學傳統，他們雖承認南宋、金詩並非正統，卻認同兩者值得取逕，甚至將兩者從中、晚唐傳統抽離，視之為杜詩傳統的發展。南宋、金詩地位提高之餘，更由兩個原來獨立的傳統，統合在同一脈絡之下。元明以來，南宋、金詩的比較是詩歌史敘述重要的一環。歷代的評價環環相扣，側重點卻各有不同。這些側重點的差異正反映了論者論述南宋、金詩時用以參照系統的不同。從中，我們可看到陸游、元好問成為後世典範的原因和過程：他們面對唐、宋詩完全成熟的階段，卻能出入唐、宋，自成一家；儘管詩風、詩論有差異，二人均可上溯不同源流，故對宗唐還是主宋者而言，都是重要的師法對象。筆者期望通過本研究，能夠釐清陸游、元好問，乃至南宋、金詩對後來詩學發展的影響。Relations between the Southern Song and Jin were tense and hostile, hense there were very limited communications in literature and culture. At that time, the two schools of poetry developed independently. However, from the Yuan Dynasty onwards, scholars often made comparisons with the two schools, and gradually treated them as one poetic tradition. The thesis explores this emerging progess and the poetic concepts behind.Lu You (1125-1210) and Yuen Haowen (1190-1257) are the most famous poets of classical Chinese literature after Su Xi and Huang Tingjian. They represent the Southern Song and Jin poetry respectively. Their poetic theories and works are always discussed, but not compared. It is because scholars of the recent generations recognized Southern Song and Jing as two independent schools of poetry. Therefore, in the Chinese literature history, no matter it is in general or by stages, the coexistence of the two poets are often neglected.The author proposes since the Yuan Dynasty, the relationship between the schools of the Southern Song and Jin poetry started to gain notice. The works were compared as a way of review and the standards were mainly about legitimacy and the poetic origins. The Yuan scholars concerned heritage aspect and approved that the Jin poetry was better than the Southern Song. The Ming scholars concerned the way to assimilate the Tang poetry. They regarded Southern Song and Jing poetry as the mid and late Tang poetry, whereas Qing Scholars recognized them as a development of the school of Tu Fu poetry. The values of the Southern Song and Jin poetry raised and emerged into one school.In he Yuan Ming and Qing Dynasties, the comparison of the Southern Song and Jin poetry is one of the most important issues in Chinese literary history. Evaluations were done from different aspects and with different purposes and they all reflect different points of views of the scholars. Through the comparison, we can have a better understanding of the reasons and progress of how Lu You and Yuan Haowen became the paragons of the later generations and how they made themselves stand out from Tang and Song poetry and became the important studying models of classical poetry. By this research, the author wishes to give a clear image of the influence of the Chinese classical poetry development given by Lu You, Yuan Haowen and also the Song and Jin poetry.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.Detailed summary in vernacular field only.蘇穎添.Thesis submitted: December 2012.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 208-221)Abstracts in Chinese and English.Su Yingtian.論文提要 --- p.iAbstract of Thesis --- p.ii目錄 --- p.ivChapter 緒論 --- 現今詩學研究對南宋、金源分合未有足夠重視 --- p.2Chapter 一、 --- 南宋、金詩的高下是歷代均關注的詩學命題 --- p.6Chapter 二、 --- 南宋、金詩歌史敘述圍繞陸游、元好問展開 --- p.13Chapter 三、 --- 南宋、金詩歌史敘述圍繞陸游、元好問展開 --- p.13Chapter 第一章 --- 陸游、元好問可比性探析 --- p.17Chapter 一、 --- 俱有針砭詩壇流弊的主張 --- p.18Chapter 二、 --- 轉益多師，兼宗唐、宋 --- p.24Chapter 三、 --- 詩論、詩風同中有異，並論是詩歌史敘述的結果 --- p.38Chapter 第二章 --- 南北爭衡：南宋、金詩在元代的文化正統之爭 --- p.49Chapter 一、 --- 陸游、元好問分別代表東南、中原詩學，實出於文化認同 --- p.51Chapter 二、 --- 南北分合引發宋、金詩之爭 --- p.59Chapter 三、 --- 南宋、金源詩學衰落牽涉南北文化消長 --- p.66Chapter 四、 --- 後人視元好問為元代詩學先導 --- p.77Chapter 第三章 --- 偏離盛唐：宋、金詩在明代的評價問題 --- p.80Chapter 一、 --- 元代文化在明初得到承認，南宋、金源詩受排斥 --- p.81Chapter 二、 --- 在明代復古派興起前的宋、元詩之爭 --- p.85Chapter 三、 --- 陸游、元好問被派入中唐、晚唐的傳統 --- p.91Chapter 四、 --- 宋、元詩風從相爭到融合 --- p.109Chapter 第四章 --- 折衷唐宋：宋、金詩在清代合流的過程 --- p. 116Chapter 一、 --- 清人反思宋、元詩之失 --- p.116Chapter 二、 --- 陸游從南宋江西體中被抽離 --- p.122Chapter 三、 --- 杜詩傳統將陸游、元好問結合為同一發展脈絡 --- p.131Chapter 第五章 --- 「天放奇葩角兩雄」：清中葉翁方綱的陸游、元好問比較 --- p.142Chapter 一、 --- 突破「詩到蘇、黃盡」的困境 --- p.143Chapter 二、 --- 以元好問七古在陸游之上，帶出二人詩學淵源的分歧 --- p.146Chapter 三、 --- 强調陸游「自行於千古」，否定其與傳統的淵源 --- p.155Chapter 四、 --- 通過元優於陸，反思清初詩學 --- p.161Chapter 第六章 --- 以金接宋：翁方綱對「蘇學盛於北」說的强調 --- p.167Chapter 一、 --- 古今學者質疑「蘇學盛於北」說 --- p.169Chapter 二、 --- 趙秉文、元好問反思蘇學 --- p.180Chapter 三、 --- 翁方綱為何强調「蘇學盛於北」 --- p.202結語 --- p.205參考書目 --- p.20