Ecphonetic accents: some observations regarding their use in the Syrian, Tiberian, and Greek systems of notation

Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-93)The evolution of our modern notational system has as its primary\ud influence the practices of liturgical music between the fourth and\ud twelfth centuries C.E. The most significant development of this period\ud was the system of neumatic notation which grew out of the musical practices\ud of the Western Church. The system that both preceded and influenced\ud neumatic notation was ecphonetic notation, which served to indicate\ud the grammatical division and pronunciation of a text. This system\ud later evolved musically into cantillation, the half-spoken, half-sung\ud recitation of a text. Ecphonetic accents appear in various cultures;\ud each culture developed its own unique application of the system