Avalia??o de recursos h?dricos do vale do mucuri com vistas ao ordenamento conservacionista dos recursos florestais

Submitted by Raniere Barreto (raniere.barros@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2019-04-10T17:49:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) hellen_karine_campos_teixeira.pdf: 33337290 bytes, checksum: 6c9dd2084bfcab92cd17cb5ea9016f68 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2019-04-13T14:08:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) hellen_karine_campos_teixeira.pdf: 33337290 bytes, checksum: 6c9dd2084bfcab92cd17cb5ea9016f68 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-13T14:08:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) hellen_karine_campos_teixeira.pdf: 33337290 bytes, checksum: 6c9dd2084bfcab92cd17cb5ea9016f68 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018O Vale do Mucuri vem apresentando um consider?vel cen?rio de incertezas no ciclo hidrol?gico com o secamento de nascentes, c?rregos e rios, principalmente nos per?odos prolongados de aus?ncia de chuvas. Aliados a esta situa??o, os fragmentos de remanescentes florestais de Mata Atl?ntica apresentam intensa press?o antr?pica, principalmente com desmatamentos e queimadas constantes, impulsionados pela cria??o de gado e atividades agropecu?rias. A retirada da cobertura do solo e da paisagem natural, em busca do desenvolvimento a qualquer custo, acarretaram no aumento da demanda h?drica, fomentando uma busca aos recursos h?dricos subterr?neos da regi?o. Deste modo, este estudo se fundamenta na busca de atributos ambientais importantes para a recupera??o e manuten??o do equil?brio dos sistemas naturais aqui existentes, alinhados com as pol?ticas p?blicas ambientais. Assim, este trabalho busca avaliar as caracter?sticas hidrogeol?gicas e correlacionar os n?veis de recursos h?dricos subterr?neos com a vegeta??o. Foram coletados dados de 451 po?os tubulares/cisternas e 127 nascentes em 28 munic?pios, bem como as caracter?sticas geomorfol?gicas do Vale do Mucuri e seu entorno. A profundidade m?dia dos po?os pesquisados alcan?ou 106 metros. Ap?s o bombeamento din?mico o n?vel da ?gua atingiu profundidade de m?dia de 50 metros e em alguns po?os 130 metros de profundidade. Das 127 nascentes, 118 apresentaram m?dia de 400 metros de altitude e 95% destas est?o localizadas em embasamento cristalino. As reservas h?dricas est?o situadas em rochas ?gneas e metam?rficas com forma??es aqu?feras fissurais. O n?vel do len?ol fre?tico da regi?o variou de 3 a 42 metros, com profundidades maiores na regi?o da APA do Alto do Mucuri, que possui tamb?m a maior espessura de sedimentos. Constatou-se que a regi?o do Vale do Mucuri possui atualmente 29,46% de remanescentes vegetacionais, onde se incluem os sistemas florestais e campestres. Deste modo, a APA do Alto do Mucuri se apresenta como uma ?rea de recarga hidr?ca de import?ncia regional, sendo uma caixa d?gua natural, cujas reservas h?dricas s?o dependentes do ciclo hidrol?gico, e se faz necess?ria a manuten??o, conserva??o e recupera??o dos maci?os florestais nativos, objetivando o equil?brio do sistema hidrogeol?gico com a sustenta??o das nascentes, rios e remanescentes florestais, sem os quais n?o haver? desenvolvimento sustent?vel. A regi?o se mostra dependente de per?odos chuvosos para a manuten??o e regula??o das vaz?es m?nimas dos rios do Vale do Mucuri e seu entorno.Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Tecnologia, Sa?de e Sociedade, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2018.The Mucuri Valley presents a considerable scenario of uncertainties in the hydrological cycle with the drying of springs, streams and rivers, especially in the prolonged periods of absence of rainfall. Allied to this situation, fragments of forest remnants of the Atlantic Forest receive intense anthropic pressure, mainly with constant deforestation and burning, driven by livestock and agricultural activities. The withdrawal of the ground cover and the natural landscape, in search of development at any cost, lead to an increase in water demand, promoting a search of the underground water resources of the region. Therefore, this study is based on the need to understand the reality of the region, pointing out important environmental attributes for the recovery and maintenance of the balance of the natural systems existing here, aligned with public environmental policies. Data were collected from 451 tubular / cistern wells and 127 springs in 28 municipalities, as well as the geomorphologic characteristics of the Mucuri Valley and its surroundings. The average depth of the wells surveyed reached 106 meters, and after the dynamic pumping, the water level reached an average depth of 50 meters, however, in some wells reached 130 meters depth. Of the 127 springs, 118 presented data regarding the elevation of the terrain, which on average are 400 meters high and 95% of these springs are located in a crystalline basement. The water reserves are located in igneous and metamorphic rocks with fissural aquifer formations. The level of the water table of the region varies from 3 to 42 m, being one of its greater depths in the APA region of Alto do Mucuri, being this, also the region of greater thickness of sediments. The Mucuri Valley presents a considerable scenario of uncertainties with the drying of springs, streams and rivers, mainly in the prolonged periods of absence of rains. In this way, the APA of Alto do Mucuri presents itself as a water recharge area of regional importance, being a natural water box, whose water reserves are dependent on the hydrological cycle, and for its maintenance it is necessary the conservation and recovery of the forest massifs natives, aiming at the balance of the hydrogeological system with the support of the springs, rivers and forest remnants of the Atlantic forest of the region, without which there will be no sustainable economic development. The region is dependent on rainy periods for the maintenance and regulation of the minimum flows of the rivers of the Mucuri Valley and its surroundings