Seletividade do inseticida deltametrina ao parasitoide Palmistichus elaeisis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-01-03T17:52:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) elizangela_souza_pereira.pdf: 689237 bytes, checksum: 793cce78db5facc852c0b626695e1359 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-01-31T16:46:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) elizangela_souza_pereira.pdf: 689237 bytes, checksum: 793cce78db5facc852c0b626695e1359 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-31T16:46:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) elizangela_souza_pereira.pdf: 689237 bytes, checksum: 793cce78db5facc852c0b626695e1359 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016O eucalipto pertence ao g?nero Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae) possui in?meras esp?cies e variedades, prosperaram em diversos habitats. O controle qu?mico ? o principal m?todo de controle de lepid?pteros desfolhadores que atacam o eucalipto. O controle biol?gico ? uma alternativa para tentar reduzir a utiliza??o de produtos qu?micos nos sistemas florestais. O objetivo desta disserta??o foi avaliar a seletividade do inseticida Decis 25 CE? (deltametrina) ao parasitoide Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) e estudar os efeitos sobre os par?metros biol?gicos e os efeitos subletais ao longo de tr?s gera??es do parasitoide. O primeiro bioensaio foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com nove tratamentos e dez repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram constitu?dos pelo controle (?gua destilada) e as concentra??es de deltametrina: 0,64 mg i.a./L, 1,4 mg i.a./L, 3,10 mg i.a./L, 6,83 mg i.a./L, 15,03 mg i.a./L, 33,05 mg i.a./L, 72,7 mg i.a./L e 160 mg i.a./L aplicadas sobre o hospedeiro alternativo Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). A deltametrina reduziu a taxa de parasitismo de P. elaeisis. Nas doses intermedi?rias (6,83 mg i.a./L ? 33,05 mg i.a./L) o parasitismo ficou em torno de 65%, e nas doses mais elevadas (72,7 mg i.a./L e 160 mg i.a./L ) o parasitismo decresceu a 10%. Houve uma redu??o significativa na taxa de emerg?ncia com o aumento da concentra??o do inseticida. N?o foram observadas diferen?as significativas na longevidade parental e da prole de P. elaeisis. O comprimento da c?psula cef?lica e da t?bia posterior apresentou diferen?as significativas. O segundo bioensaio foi realizado com tr?s tratamentos e vinte repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram constitu?dos pelo controle (?gua destilada), pela CL10= 11,12 mg de i.a/L e a CL50= 18, 54 mg de i.a/L. As pupas de T. molitor foram expostas ao inseticida atrav?s do m?todo de imers?o. Sessenta pupas de T. molitor foram mergulhadas por dois segundos em solu??o dilu?da para 100 mL com as concentra??es do inseticida. Na primeira gera??o F1 da CL10 o parasitismo foi de 55% e a CL50 ficou em 30%. Na segunda gera??o a taxa de parasitismo da CL10 foi de 70% e a da CL50 foi de 40%. Na ?ltima gera??o avaliada, n?o houve diferen?as significativas. A taxa de emerg?ncia das tr?s gera??es da CL10 apresentou diferen?as significativas. Entretanto, a emerg?ncia das gera??es F1, F2 e F3 da CL50 foram semelhantes entre si. A longevidade da prole de todas as gera??es avaliadas apresentou diferen?as significativas. A deltametrina afetou todos os par?metros avaliados de P. elaeisis, podendo ser considerado extremamente nocivo, comprovando que este inseticida n?o ? seletivo para esta esp?cie. Ap?s tr?s gera??es o parasitoide ainda ? afetado negativamente.Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2016.Eucalyptus belongs to the genus Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae) has many species and varieties thrive in different habitats. Chemical control is the main defoliating lepidopteran control method that attack eucalyptus. Biological control is an alternative to try to reduce the use of chemicals in forest systems. The aim of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of insecticide Decis 25 CE? (deltamethrin) to the parasitoid Palmistichus elaeisis Delvare & LaSalle (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) and study the effects on biological parameters and sublethal effects over three generations of the parasitoid. The first bioassay was conducted in a completely randomized design with nine treatments and ten repetitions. The treatments were the control (distilled water) and the concentrations of deltamethrin: 0.64 mg ai / L, 1.4 mg ai / L, 3.10 mg ai / L, 6.83 mg ai / L, 15, 03 mg ai / L, 33.05 mg ai / L, 72.7 mg ai / L and 160 mg ai / L applied on the alternate host Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). The deltamethrin reduced the rate of parasitism of P. elaeisis. In the intermediate doses (6.83 mg ai / L - 33.05 mg ai / L) parasitism was around 65%, and in higher doses (72.7 mg ai / L and 160 mg ai / L) parasitism decreased to 10%. There was a significant reduction in germination rate with increasing concentrations of the insecticide. No significant differences were observed in parental longevity and P. elaeisis offspring. The length of the head capsule and the posterior tibia showed significant differences. The second bioassay was conducted with three treatments and twenty repetitions. The treatments were the control (distilled water), the CL10 = 11.12 mg of a.i. / L and LC50 = 18, 54 mg of a.i. / L. The pupae of T. molitor were exposed to the insecticide through the immersion method. Sixty pupae of T. molitor were dipped for two seconds in dilute to 100 ml with the insecticide concentrations. In the first generation F1 CL10 parasitism was 55% and the LC50 was 30%. In the second generation CL10 parasitism rate was 70% and LC50 was 40%. In the last generation evaluated, no significant differences. The emergence rate of three generations of the CL10 showed significant differences. However, the emergence of F1, F2 and F3 CL50 were similar. The longevity of the offspring of all generations evaluated showed significant differences. The deltamethrin affected all parameters of P. elaeisis and can be considered extremely harmful, proving that this insecticide is not selective for this species. After three generations the parasitoid is still negatively affected