Efficacy of photodynamic therapy in potentially contaminated cutaneous wound healing in rats

Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:19:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vanda Sanderana Macedo Carneiro 1.pdf: 1849714 bytes, checksum: a96b8d758bb8c0159fe76b62f59377d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-23Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) uses a photosensitizer and a light source, causing the bacterial unviability. This study evaluated the efficacy of photodynamic therapy mediated by methylene blue (0.01%) and malachite green (0.01%) separately in the healing of wounds contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus. Two circular surgical excisions were made with the aid of a cast template and a scalpel blade at the back of 90 male rats, weighing 250-300g, and then the wounds were inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus strains ATCC 26923. The animals were grouped according to the treatment used: G I PDT methylene blue; G II PDT malachite green; G III methylene blue; G IV malachite green; G V Low level laser therapy (LLLT); G VI Control. As a light source to fotoactivate de dyes, it was used the Thera Lase diode laser (100mW, 660nm, 120 J/cm 2 , 33s, continuous emission) (DMC, São Carlos, SP, Brazil). The animals were sacrified for analysis 01, 03, 07, 14 and 21 days after the surgery. Clinically, it was evaluated red area, witened area, presence and thickness of eschar, purulent exudates and wound perimeter. The specimens were processed for histological analysis and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) for examination of edema, necrosis, inflammatory infiltrate, presence of young fibroblasts, granulation tissue, epithelialization and collagen degree. The descriptive statistics analysis were made and also the Fisher exact test (p<0.05). A day after te excision, the group I showed a moderate formation of granulation tissue and intense inflammatory infiltrate, when compared to other groups. At three days post-surgery, there was a tendency to a faster re-epithelialization of the non-treated group when compared to the groups treated with PDT, whether if it were with methylene blue or malachite green. The collagen degree was also lower in the groups treated with PDT, what also shows a tendency to delay de collagen deposition in wounds submitted to this treatment. PDT also showed a tendency to delay re-epithelialization of woundsafter 07 days, when compared wounds subjected to PDT with malachite green to the control group. This trend is not still observed at 14 days post-surgery, when was just found that the granulation tissue had a greater reduction in the group submitted to TFD methylene blue (p=0,182) compared to the control group. At 21 day after surgery, there was a prevalence of slight inflammatory infiltrate and granulation tissue, with no necrosis areas nor edema on both groups. We conclude that, for wounds potentially contaminated, the PDT, especially that mediated by the methylene blue dye, was able to promote a faster tissue repair through a granulation tissue formation, besides giving a tendency to a faster regression of this granulation tissue when compared to other treatments. There was observed a tendency of a delayed epithelialization in the treatment groups, both those submitted to PDT, LBP or dyes, suggesting that the repair takes longer in the treated groups.A terapia fotodinâmica (TFD) utiliza um fotosensibilizador e fonte de luz provocando a inviabilidade bacteriana. Esse estudo avaliou a eficácia da terapia fotodinâmica mediada pelos corantes Azul de Metileno (0,01%) e Verde Malaquita (0,01%) separadamente na reparação tecidual em feridas contaminadas com Staphylococcus aureus. Foram confeccionadas, com auxílio de gabarito vazado e lâmina de bisturi, duas excisões cirúrgicas circulares no dorso de 90 ratos machos, com peso 250300g, e em seguida foram inoculados nos ferimentos cepas de Stafilococcus aureus ATCC 26923. Os animais foram agrupados conforme tratamento empregado: G I TFD Azul de metileno; G II TFD Verde malaquita; G III Azul de metileno; G IV Verde malaquita; G V Laser de baixa potência (LBP); G VI Controle. Foi utilizado como fonte de luz para fotossensibilizar os corantes, o Laser diodo Thera Lase (100mW, 660 nm, 120J/cm 2 , 33s, emissão contínua) (DMC equipamentos, São Carlos, SP). Os animais foram sacrificados para análise 01, 03, 07, 14 e 21 dias após a excisão cirúrgica. Foi avaliado clinicamente área avermelhada, esbranquiçada, presença e espessura de escara, pus e o perímetro da ferida. As peças foram processadas para análise histológica e coradas pela técnica da hematoxilina e eosina (HE) para análise do edema, necrose, infiltrado inflamatório, presença de fibroblastos jovens, tecido de granulação, reepitelização e grau de colagenização. Foi feita a análise estatística descritiva e o teste exato de Fisher (p