Reproductive response of female of black catfish Rhamdia quelen, feed with differents protein and lipids sources

The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of different protein and lipid sources of animal and vegetable origin on the reproductive performance of black catfish Rhamdia quelen females. Three experiments were accomplished with duration of 90 days each, divided in three phases: Phase I, Reproducers feeding; phase II, Induced reproduction and eggs and larvae incubation; phase III, Larvae culture. Fifteen females of black catfish (around 700g) were used for experiments 1 and 2, and 500g for experiment 3. The females were distributed in three net cages of 1m³, 5 fish (4 females for induction and 1 for oocyte collection). The fish were fed for ten weeks using three diets as treatments: experiment 1, meat and bone meal and soybean meal (CS), fish meal and soybean meal (PS) and yeast and soybean meal (LS); For experiment 2, the effect of substitution of the meat and bone meal for the soybean meal in increasing levels was evaluated (0%, 35%, 70%), that were treatments CS 0, CS 35 and CS 70; In experiment 3, pork fat (BP), sunflower oil (OG) and Canola oil (OC). After induced spawning, samples of ten eggs were collected at the moment of the fishes spawning, at 3, 9, 12, 18 and 24 hours. Also samples of ten larvae were collected, at the moment of the eclosion, at 12, 24, 36 and 48 hours. Three samples of larvae of each incubator in the density of 30 larvae/l, were collected and fed during 14 days. Changeable zoogenic were esteem for phases I and III and reproductive for phase II. In experiment 1, females fed with the diet of treatment LS, had shown minor profit in weight, the eggs had equally minor weight. For the embryonic evelopment treatments, CS and PS were superior to treatment LS in the variable (DSV). In the larval development in the incubators, treatment CS showed better performance for the variable (CT). For the experiment 2, females fed with diets CS 70, had not answered the spawning of fishes. The embryonic development, larval vitelline and larvae were superior in treatment CS 0 for the variable (DO and AO), (CT and AT), (CT, CP, Area, SOB) respectively. In experiment 3, the larvae development in the incubators, treatment BP was minor that treatment OG in the variable (CT), equally treatment BP was minor that treatments OG and OC for the variable (DSV). For the larval development until the 14 days treatment OC was greater that treatment BP for the variable (CT and CP). We can conclude that the use of Meat and Bone meal and Soybean meal as protein sources are presented as good option in the feeding of reproductive females of black catfish. The pork fat is so good as sunflower and canola oils as lipid sources for reproductive females and they provide good development of the embryo and jundiá s larvaeNo trabalho avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes fontes protéicas e lipídicas de origem animal e vegetal sobre o desempenho reprodutivo de fêmeas de jundiá Rhamdia quelen. Foram realizados três experimentos, de 90 dias cada, divididos em três fases: fase I, Alimentação de reprodutores; fase II, Reprodução induzida e incubação de ovos e larvas; fase III, Larvicultura. Foram utilizadas 15 fêmeas de jundiá com peso aproximado de 700g para os experimentos 1 e 2, e 500g para o experimento 3. As fêmeas foram distribuídas em três tanques-rede de 1m³, sendo 5 peixes por tanque rede (4 fêmeas para indução e 1 para coleta de ovócitos) e alimentadas durante dez semanas com três dietas experimentais. No experimento 1 testaram-se Farinha de Carne e Ossos e Farelo de Soja (CS), Farinha de Peixe e Farelo de Soja (PS) e Levedura de Cana e Farelo de Soja (LS). No experimento 2, avaliou-se o efeito de substituição da Farinha de Carne e Ossos pelo Farelo de Soja na ração CS do experimento 1 em níveis crescentes, sendo os tratamentos CS 0, CS 35 e CS 70. No experimento 3, testaram-se a Banha de Porco (BP), Óleo de Girassol (OG) e Óleo de Canola (OC) como fontes de lipídios. Após desova, foram coletadas amostras de dez ovos, às 0, 3, 9, 12, 18 e 24 horas. Após a eclosão foram coletadas amostras de dez larvas às 0, 12, 24, 36 e 48 horas e medidas, e três amostras de larvas de cada incubadora foram alimentadas durante 14 dias. Foram estimadas variáveis zootécnicas para as fases I e III e reprodutivas para fase II. No experimento 1, as fêmeas do tratamento LS, mostraram menor ganho em peso, igualmente os ovos tiveram menor peso. Para o desenvolvimento embrionário os tratamentos CS e PS foram superiores ao tratamento LS na variável Diâmetro do Saco Vitelino (DSV). No desenvolvimento larval nas incubadoras, o tratamento CS mostrou melhor desempenho para Comprimento Total (CT). No experimento 2, as fêmeas alimentadas com dieta CS 70, não responderam a desova. O desenvolvimento embrionário, larval vitelino e larval foi superior no tratamento CS 0 para as variáveis (DO e AO), (CT e AT), (CT, CP, Área, SOB), respectivamente. No experimento 3, no desenvolvimento das larvas nas incubadoras, o tratamento BP foi menor que o tratamento OG na variável (CT), e igualmente o tratamento BP foi menor que os tratamentos OG e OC para a variável (DSV). Para o desenvolvimento larval até os 14 dias o tratamento OC foi maior que o tratamento BP para as variáveis (CT e CP). Conclui-se que a farinha de carne e ossos e farelo de soja (até 60% de inclusão) são boas fontes protéicas para fêmeas reprodutoras de jundiá. A banha de porco é tão eficiente quanto óleo de girassol e canola como fontes lipídicas para fêmeas reprodutoras e proporcionam bom desenvolvimento embrionário e das larvas de jundi