It is a major task for educators to keep up with the\ud advances in biology that occur almost daily. The National\ud Science Foundation-supported "Advances in\ud Biological Science" program (NSF-ABS), now in its\ud third year, was designed to provide Los Angeles\ud teachers with developments at the cutting edge of\ud the biological sciences and to disseminate this information\ud nationally. The program features scientists,\ud including Nobel laureate Francis Crick, known for\ud outstanding research contributions as well as awardwinning\ud teaching.\ud This article is the second in a series in The American\ud Biology Teacher "Advances" papers based on the\ud NSF-ABS program. Here, we review major developments\ud in areas that are at the cutt...