Micro-structure in Micro-Neighborhoods:  A New Social Distance Measure, and its Effect on Individual and Aggregated Perceptions of Crime and Disorder

"This study links social network methodology with the social disorganization literature to test the effect of block-level social distance on neighborhood perceived crime and disorder.  Employing a unique study design that allows creating matrices of social distance (based on demographic characteristics) between 11 residents on each of over 650 blocks at three time points, we find that more socially distant residents perceive more disorder than their neighbors.  Consistent with the bridging social capital literature, overall social distance in the block has a curvilinear relationship with perceived crime.  And blocks with two cohesive subgroups, based on social distance, have lower levels of perceived disorder.