Step washing : A modified pretreatment approach for industrial applications to improve chemical composition of agricultural residues
- Singhal, Abhishek
- Goossens, Maria
- Fantozzi, Davide
- Raiko, Antti
- Konttinen, Jukka
- Joronen, Tero
DOIAbstract
To improve the efficiency and applicability of the washing pre-treatment for combustion, pyrolysis and gasification, a modified approach was developed in the present study. Two novel washing approaches were tested using wheat straw and empty fruit bunches of oil palm: multiple-step washing with fresh water (SWFW) and wastewater recirculation (SWWR). SWFW showed the high removal of K (<68%), Cl (<99%), S (<80%), N (<58%), and ash (<52%) reducing fouling, slagging, and corrosion propensity of the biomass. Furthermore, with one-third the amount of water used in SWFW, SWWR showed similar to higher efficiency than SWFW with relatively better energy (98%) yields. Industrial-scale pilot testing was also conducted for the validation of the SWWR app...
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