Calculation of optimal value of spinning reserve requirement for unit commitment in power systems by considering lost parameters

Döner Rezerv, üretim kesintileri ve ani yük değişimleri gibi öngörülemeyen olaylara yanıt olarak sistem operatörleri tarafından kullanılan en önemli kaynaklardan biridir. Kullanılacak rezervlerin miktarını yüksek tutarak doğabilecek beklenmedik durumların sebep olduğu üretim kesintilerine karşı güç sistemini korumak mümkün olur. Bu işlem karşısında yük atma işleminin uygulanma olasılığı azalır, fakat bu durumda rezerv sağlama oldukça yüksek bir maliyet ile sonuçlanır. Maliyeti düşürmek amacıyla rezerv miktarını düşük tutma durumunda ise olası kesinti ve arıza durumlarında sağlanamayan bir enerji söz konusu olur ve tüketiciler enerjisiz kalabilir. Bu iki durumu dengeleyici şekilde bir ekonomik incelemeye gerek duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, güç sisteminde ihtiyaç duyulan Döner Rezerv gereksinimi, sağlanamayan enerji miktarı ve kayıp yük değeri gibi sosyoekonomik parametreler dikkate alınarak belirlenmektedir. Maliyet fonksiyonuna eklenen bu parametreler, yeni bir yöntemle ulusal güç sistemimiz için ilk defa hesaplanmaktadır. Elde edilen bu değer için makroekonomik analiz yapılarak doğruluğu desteklenmiştir. Böylece hesaplanmış sosyoekonomik parametreler gözönünde bulundurularak, fayda/maliyet temeline dayalı yapılan bir program sonucunda güç sistemi modeli için rezervin ekonomik maliyet değeri hesaplanmaktadır.Spinning Reserve is one of the most important sources used by system operators in response to unforeseen events such as generation discontinuities and sudden load changes. It is possible to maintain the power system against production interruptions caused by unforeseen circumstances, which can be caused by keeping the amount of reserves to be used high, in case of this process the possibility of applying the load shed decreases, but in this case reserve supply results in a very high cost. If the amount of reserves is kept low in order to reduce the cost, there will be an energy that can not be provided in the case of possible interruptions and failures, and the consumers may be left without electricity. There is a need for an economical review of these two situations in a balanced way. In this study, the requirements of the Spinning Reserve needed in the power system are determined by taking into consideration socio-economic parameters such as the amount of expected energy not supplied and value of lost load. These parameters, which are added to the cost function, are calculated for the first time in our national power system by a new method. Macroeconomic analysis has been supported for this value. Thus, considering the calculated socioeconomic parameters, a program based on benefit/cost is used to calculate the economic cost value of the reserve for the power system model.Spinning Reserve is one of the most important sources used by system operators in response to unforeseen events such as generation discontinuities and sudden load changes. It is possible to maintain the power system against production interruptions caused by unforeseen circumstances, which can be caused by keeping the amount of reserves to be used high, in case of this process the possibility of applying the load shed decreases, but in this case reserve supply results in a very high cost. If the amount of reserves is kept low in order to reduce the cost, there will be an energy that can not be provided in the case of possible interruptions and failures, and the consumers may be left without electricity. There is a need for an economical review of these two situations in a balanced way. In this study, the requirements of the Spinning Reserve needed in the power system are determined by taking into consideration socio-economic parameters such as the amount of expected energy not supplied and value of lost load. These parameters, which are added to the cost function, are calculated for the first time in our national power system by a new method. Macroeconomic analysis has been supported for this value. Thus, considering the calculated socioeconomic parameters, a program based on benefit/cost is used to calculate the economic cost value of the reserve for the power system model