Investigation on spray cooling heat transfer performance with different nanoparticles and surfactants

Funding Information: This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51806096), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M661812), Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. SJCX20_0332), Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China (Grant No. 18KJB560007), and the Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Aircraft Environment Control and Life Support, MIIT, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(Grant No. KLAECLS-E-201902). Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.The spray cooling enhancement method has consistently been the focus area for research as a highly effective cooling method that can alter the properties of spray media by allowing the addition of different types of additives. In this study, an open spray cooling system was established for experimental purposes. Firstly, the effects of nozzles on the spray cooling characteristics were investigated through four kinds of nozzle experiments. Al2O3-H2O, TiO2-H2O, ZrO2-H2O, and SiO2-H2O nanofluids were chosen as cooling substances based on the optimal nozzles, and the effects of the type and concentration of nanoparticles on cooling performance were studied. Based on the performance of the nanoparticles, sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate(SDBS) was selected as the surfactant for Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles, while cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) was selected as the surfactant for ZrO2 and SiO2 nanoparticles. The effects of surfactants with different concentrations on the heat transfer performance of nanofluids were studied. The results showed that when the mass fraction of SiO2 nanoparticles was 0.2% and CTAB was 0.005%, an optimal cooling effect was achieved; which was 5.9% higher than that of water and 1.7% higher than that obtained without CTAB.Peer reviewe