History of the Trawl Fisheries in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea after the Second World War－Ⅱ

This paper, which follows part one that was printed in the previous number of this bulletin, describes the history of the trawl fisheries in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea since the 1970\u27s. In the 1970\u27s, the fish production kept at the average of 300 thousand tons despite the boat reduction and limits of the fish resources. However, target species were replaced the fish paste material which other cheaper materials became dominant with fresh fish through the employment of transportation boats. In this period, the oil crisis brought a serious blow resulting in the business falling into the red. In the 1980\u27s, the number of fisheries radically decreased. The reasons for the degeneration were the over-exploitation causing a decrease in fish resources, strengthening of the fisheries regulation conferred with Korea and China, development of foreign fisheries which limited the Japanese trawl fisheries, lack of crews, and an end of operation in the northern sea as a side job. Then, they tried to construct energy saving boats, trawl fishing with one boat, and a mid water trawl aimed at high-price fish. In the 1990\u27s, the trawl fisheries had continuously declined in production and in number of boats through several boat reduction programs. As a result of the consultation with both countries and a loser of competitiveness, the fishing grounds became narrow and closer to Japanese waters. The companies hired Chinese crews as a countermeasure of the lack of labor and high labor cost. Also, some companies carried products such as live fish against the stagnant price, in which an increasing import of fresh fish from China and the economic depreciation resulted. In the 2000\u27s, the trawl fisheries have fallen to the final stage because the production has dropped to 5 thousand tons. This fact implies that the trawl fisheries in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea have become one of the local fisheries. In addition, the new bilateral fisheries agreements divide the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea to the surrounding countries, but extensive indivisible area remains a competitive fishing area