Pathological Findings of Tramadol on Liver Tissue in the Cadaver Referred to Legal Medicine Organization of Tehran 2008-2013

Background: Tramadol is a synthetic opioid used to control chronic pain and pain after surgery. However, many cases of poisoning and dangerous side effects have been reported. In order to discover the causes of death in forensic medicine is usually examine tissue samples taken from the body, although the results of toxicology tests generally give us more information, but identifying the pathological effects of Tramadol on the internal organs, especially the livers can be very helpful.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, information on the history, the autopsy report and toxicology testing of patients who died due to poisoning Tramadol were studied. In this study, all of the information already provided by the use of particular forms collected and then analyzed using computer software SPSS.Results: A total of 49 cadavers were examined in this study. There were 39 dead (80%) of men and 10 of (20%) women. Most common age groups in the study were 24 to 34 years old (41%), 15 to 24 years old (39%), were reported. There were significant difference between liver microscopic spread among different ages, history of Tramadol, positive and negative toxicology tests stomach contents, urine, blood, tissue and vitreous. Most common pathological changes were in liver, degenerative changes and inflammatory cell infiltration in patients who under 35 years old.Conclusion: In this study, the majority of patients had acute poisoning with Tramadol, it can be concluded that the majority of changes in tissue obtained was as a result of acute Tramadol, respectively incidence of atelectasis and edema and alveolar bleeding in the liver were most pathological findings. In reviewing toxicology, Tramadol are also present in the stomach contents, urine, gall bladder, liver and blood were positive, the result of stomach contents will be most helpful for us