PERANAN SEKUENS 2D DAN 3D FLUID ATTENUATED INVERSION RECOVERY (FLAIR) PADA MRI BRAIN DENGAN KASUS MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (MS) TERHADAP INFORMASI CITRA DIAGNOSTIK

Background: FLAIR is often used in MRI brain imaging, especially in cases of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). 2D FLAIR imaging is prone to flow artifacts in the CSF which can obscure the pathology and sometimes mimic MS lesions. The MS lesion in the brain can be well evaluated using a properly weighted MRI modality, 3D FLAIR makes it possible to overcome the problem. This study aims to determine the use of parameters, the role of sequences in anatomical information, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of 2D and 3D FLAIR sequences in MRI brain imaging with multiple sclerosis cases.Methods: This type of research is a qualitative descriptive study literature review approach on the role of 2D and 3D FLAIR sequences in MRI brain imaging with multiple sclerosis cases of diagnostic image information. The method in this research is literature study by searching journals through Google scholar, researchgate, PubMed, and NCBI. The main source of this study were 4 journals that the researchers found that discussed the use of 2D and 3D FLAIR on MRI brain.Data processing is done by making descriptions, journal summaries and critical evaluations to reach conclusions.Results: The results of the literature study show that selecting the correct parameters in the FLAIR will result in a clearer image of the brain anatomy and the MS lesion is easier to observe with a stronger contrast. There are 4 main parameters that affect the resulting FLAIR image, namely TR, TE, TI, and Slice Thickness. The use of TR, TI, and slice thickness values in 3D FLAIR is lower than 2D FLAIR and TE values in 3D FLAIR are higher than 2D FLAIR. 3D FLAIR were more sensitive in detecting supratentorial lesions than 2D FLAIR, however, both sequences were less sensitive in detecting MS lesions in the cortical and infratentorial areas. The advantages of the 2D FLAIR are the shorter scan time, while the disadvantages are lower SNR and CNR. lower spatial resolution, and susceptible to flow artifacts. The drawbacks of 2D FLAIR can be overcome by using 3D FLAIR which have several advantages, namely multiplanar image reconstruction, better spatial resolution, higher SNR and CNR, better CSF suppression without flow artifacts, more sensitive detection of supratentorial MS lesions , and the absorption rate of the SAR is lower. However, 3D FLAIR has the same disadvantages as 2D FLAIR, which is less sensitive in detecting infratentorial and cortical MS lesions.Conclusions: 3D FLAIR was more sensitive in detecting multiple sclerosis lesions in the supratentorial area than 2D FLAIR. 3D FLAIR provides a clinically viable and superior alternative to 2D FLAIR