Anxiety, Depression, and Coping Mechanism Among Outpatients With Heart Failure

Anxiety and depression have been identified as common condition experienced by patients with heart failure (HF). Some HF patients who are unable to manage their anxiety and depression show poor coping mechanism. The aim of this study was to identify the correlation between anxiety, depression, and coping mechanism among outpatients with HF. This study was a descriptive study using cross-sectional design. A total of 155 HF patients were recruited from cardiology clinic of governmental hospital in East Java, Indonesia. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and coping mechanism questionnaire. The mean score on the anxiety, depression, and coping mechanism was 6.41±2.98, 7.21±2.99, and 20.73±3.87, respectively. Anxiety was positively correlated with depression (r=0.502, p