Ultrafast opto-acoustic modulation of light reflectance in metal-insulator-metal epsilon-near-zero nanocavities

We report on ultrafast opto-acoustic modulation of light reflectance in artificial epsilon-near-zero metamaterials made of two layers of Ag separated by an Al2O3 layer. By means of non-degenerate two color pump-probe experiments we demonstrate an optically induced acoustic modulation of the reflectance up to 20% via generation of acoustic waves inside the cavity upon mechanical expansion of the metal due to hot electron-phonon coupling nonlinearity in the Ag layers. The presented architecture opens the pathway towards novel routes to exploit light-matter interactions for opto-acoustic modulation at GHz frequencies. Moreover, our system can be designed to work in transmission geometry and is very versatile in terms of shifting the presented properties along a broad range of wavelengths, from UV to mid-IR. Our approach, beyond light-driven information processing, might impact also opto-mechanics, light-driven phonon induced up conversion mechanisms, non-linear optical and acoustic properties of materials, energy harvesting, and heat-assisted ultrafast magneto-optical recording