Epidemiology, etiology, and management of Kawasaki disease: State of the art

Since its first description in Japan 30 years ago, Kawasaki disease has been reported worldwide. Although an infectious etiology is suspected based on the epidemiology and clinical features, a causative agent has not been identified. The majority of the morbidity and mortality associated with this condition is attributable to the development of coronary artery aneurysms. Treatment during the acute phase with intravenous immunoglobulin and acetylsalicylic acid results in significant reductions in coronary complications. The long-term management of patients with persistent coronary abnormalities is less well-defined. This article reviews the epidemiology, possible etiologies, and management of Kawasaki disease.