Pojem emancipacije kot političnega delovanja (Marx, Arendt, Rancière)

The text attempts to rethink the concept of emancipation and how it is structured as political action, while describing its historical origins and how it is further understood by the three important political philosophers: Karl Marx, Hannah Arendt, and Jacques Rancière. All three of them – specifically and with substantial differences – understand politics as a space for political action that leads to emancipation in the name of equality. In order to determine the historical origin of the concept in more detail, the argumentation of the text rely upon its elaboration within the school of “conceptual history”, which deals with the historical semantics of terms and sees the etymology of and the change in the meaning of terms as forming a crucial basis for a contemporary cultural, conceptual, and linguistic understanding, and afterwards it links this “pre-history” with Marx’s, Arendt’s, and Rancière’s understanding of the concept of emancipation, and see how they differ and are related to each other, considering what theoretical conclusions about the concept of emancipation we can take from these relations. Particular interest is aimed at how the concept of emancipation is perceived today, who the subject of emancipation is, what the method and final goal of emancipation is, and, finally, how these understandings can help us in the present time when it seems that we need emancipation more than ever.Tekst ponuja premislek o konceptu emancipacije in o tem, kako je le ta strukturiran kot politično delovanje, hkrati pa opisuje zgodovinski izvor koncepta ter kako ga razumejo trije pomembni politični filozofi: Karl Marx, Hannah Arendt in Jacques Rancière. Vsi trije – posebej in z bistvenimi razlikami – politiko razumejo kot prostor za politično delovanje, ki vodi k emancipaciji v imenu enakosti. Da bi podrobneje ugotovili zgodovinski izvor koncepta emancipacije, se argumentacija besedila opira na njegovo elaboraciji v šoli »konceptualne zgodovine«, ki se ukvarja z zgodovinsko semantiko izrazov, etimologijo in spremembo pomenov izrazov, ki tvorijo ključno osnovo za sodobno kulturno, konceptualno in jezikovno razumevanje, nato pa povezuje to »predzgodovino« z Marxovim, Arendtinim in Rancièrejevim razumevanjem koncepta emancipacije ter preizprašuje, kako se razlikujejo in so med seboj povezani, pri tem pa ponuja razmislek o tem, katere teoretične zaključke o konceptu emancipacije lahko izpeljemo iz teh odnosov. Posebno zanimanje je usmerjeno v to, kako danes razumemo koncept emancipacije, kdo je predmet emancipacije, kakšna je metoda in končni cilj emancipacije in, končno, kako nam lahko to razumevanje pomaga v današnjem času, ko se zdi, da potrebujejo emancipacijo bolj kot kadarkoli prej