Pengaruh Jenis Residu Kompos Biochar dan Umur Defoliasi Daun Jagung (Zea mays L.) terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Kacang Merah (Phaseulus vulgaris L.) dalam Tumpangsari Salome

This study aims to determine the effect of residues of biochar compost in the second crop season and the effect of defoliation age treatment on corn leaves on growth and yield of red bean plants with corn salome intercropping. The research was carried out from July to November 2019 in the experimental garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Timor, Sasi Village, Kota Kefamenanu District, TimorTengah Utara Regency (TTU), Nusa Tenggara Timur Province (NTT). This study used a factorial 3 x 3 Randomized Block Design (RAK) which was repeated 3 times. The first factor is the type of biochar residue which consists of 3 levels, namely cow manure biochar compost residue, goat manure biochar compost residue, horse manure biochar compost residue. The second factor was the time of defoliation of corn leaves which consisted of 3 levels, namely without defoliation, defoliation at 35 DAP, defoliation at 55 DAP, so there were 9 treatment combinations, which were repeated 3 times so that there were 27 experimental units. The results showed that there was a positive effect according to the DMRT test at 5% level between the combination of biochar compost residue treatment and corn leaf defoliation age treatment on soil temperature 60 DAP, soil volume weight 60 DAP, and canopy dry weight. The single factor treatment of biochar compost residue enriched with goat manure was able to modify the plant growing environment and increase plant growth and yield. The single factor treatment of corn leaf defoliation age 35 DAP was able to increase the growth and yield of red bean plants.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh residu jenis kompos biochar pada musim tanaman kedua dan pengaruh perlakuan umur defoliasi daun jagung terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang merah dengan tumpangsari salome tanaman jagung. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli sampai dengan November 2019 di kebun percobaan Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Timor, Kelurahan Sasi, Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara (TTU), Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial 3 x 3 yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Faktor Pertama adalah jenis residu biochar yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu residu kompos biochar pupuk kandang sapi, residu kompos biochar pupuk kandang kambing, residu kompos biochar pupuk kandang kuda. Faktor kedua adalah waktu defoliasi daun jagung yang terdiri dari 3 aras yaitu tanpa defoliasi, defoliasi pada umur 35 HST, defoliasi pada umur 55 HST, sehingga terdapat 9 kombinasi perlakuan, yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 27 satuan percobaan. Hasil Penelitian menunjukan terjadi pengaruh positif menurut uji DMRT taraf 5% antara kombinasi perlakuan jenis residu kompos biochar dan perlakuan umur defoliasi daun jagung terhadap suhu tanah 60 HST, berat volume tanah 60 HST, dan berat kering tajuk. Faktor tunggal perlakuan jenis residu kompos biochar yang diperkaya pupuk kandang kambing mampu memodifikasi lingkungan tumbuh tanaman dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil tanaman. Faktor tunggal perlakuan umur defoliasi daun jagung 35 HST mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang merah