Physical, Chemical, and Biological Controls: Modern and Future Approaches to Mosquito Control

Effective mosquito management depends on a blending of many techniques. The primary technologies available are physical, chemical, and biological; and their continued improved usage is demanded. Chemicals are more contemporary. Modern organic insecticides were first used in 1943 with the advent of DDT usage. The judicious use of pesticides remains imperative in control methodology. However, a program optimizing non-chemical applications offers the best method for long-term success. A systems approach is needed regardless of strategies used. Basing strategies on objectives differs according to objectives of disease, annoyance, or livestock protection. The strategy is predicated on knowledge of the biology of specific species involved; no one set of strategies applies to all species