Influence of variation of structural parameters on magnetic properties of Al-substituted Ni spinel ferrite

It is very important to study the structural properties of the material to understand the physical properties. According to suggested cations distribution of Ni–Al ferrite as the formula ðFe3þ 1 tAl3þ t Þ Ni2þAl3þ x tFe3þ 1 xþt O2 4 , with (0:0 x 0:5) and (0:0 t 0:1), the structural parameters were studied. The cations radii of tetrahedral (RT) did not change, but octahedral (RO) sites decreased with increasing Al3? ions. Lattice constants (ath) decreased with increasing Al content. The values of u43m changed over the ranged 0.3818538155, whereas the values of u3m varied from 0.25685 to 0.25655. With increasing Al content, M–M lengths decreased, in addition, the bond lengths q, r, and s decreased except p. In addition, with increasing Al3? ions, h1, h2, and h5 decreased but h3 and h4 increased. dTE and dTL were constant, whereas dOEu, dOL; and dOE decreased with increasing Al3? ions. LT T, LO O; and LT O reflected the same behavior as that of ath, where they decreased with increasing Al3? ions concentration. As a result, the incorporation of non-magnetic Al3? ions into the given ferrite system reduces the strength of the magnetic interactions, which relates to the changing on structural parameters.It is very important to study the structural properties of the material to understand the physical properties. According to suggested cations distribution of Ni–Al ferrite as the formula ðFe3þ 1 tAl3þ t Þ Ni2þAl3þ x tFe3þ 1 xþt O2 4 , with (0:0 x 0:5) and (0:0 t 0:1), the structural parameters were studied. The cations radii of tetrahedral (RT) did not change, but octahedral (RO) sites decreased with increasing Al3? ions. Lattice constants (ath) decreased with increasing Al content. The values of u43m changed over the ranged 0.3818538155, whereas the values of u3m varied from 0.25685 to 0.25655. With increasing Al content, M–M lengths decreased, in addition, the bond lengths q, r, and s decreased except p. In addition, with increasing Al3? ions, h1, h2, and h5 decreased but h3 and h4 increased. dTE and dTL were constant, whereas dOEu, dOL; and dOE decreased with increasing Al3? ions. LT T, LO O; and LT O reflected the same behavior as that of ath, where they decreased with increasing Al3? ions concentration. As a result, the incorporation of non-magnetic Al3? ions into the given ferrite system reduces the strength of the magnetic interactions, which relates to the changing on structural parameters