KONDISI  SOSIAL  EKONOMI  MASYARAKATPADA AREA TERDAMPAK BENCANA BANJIR (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Jombang Kabupaten Jombang)

Abstrak Bencana banjir merupakan jenis bencana yang paling sering melanda Indonesia dibandingkan jenis bencana lain. Salah satu daerah di Indonesia yang rawan terhadap bencana banjir adalah Kecamatan Jombang, Kabupaten Jombang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Kecamatan Jombang memiliki topografi wilayah yang relatif landai dengan kemiringan 0-2% serta memiliki elevasi 44 mdpl yang relatif lebih rendah dibandingkan daerah sekitarnya. Bencana banjir  melanda Kecamatan Jombang pada Januari 2016, peristiwa banjir tersebut merendam 9.320 rumah penduduk, 32 hektare sawah, serta merusak 3 titik tanggul di Kecamatan Jombang. Berdasarkan permasalahan yang ditimbulkan banjir, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat pada area terdampak banjir Kecamatan Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Jombang, dengan subjek penelitian masyarakat terdampak banjir di Desa Jombang dan Desa Pulo Lor. Berdasarkan subjek penelitian yang ada kemudian ditentukan informan kunci sebagai sumber data utama dalam penelitian. Pemilihan informan kunci didasarkan atas tiga elemen, yaitu tempat (place), pelaku (actor), dan aktivitas (activity). Informan kunci kemudian akan berkembang dengan menggunakan teknik bola salju (snowball). Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, observasi, serta wawancara. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini meliputi, reduksi data, penyajian data, hingga pada penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil  penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat terdampak banjir di daerah penelitian memberikan sikap merespon banjir dengan adanya gagasan untuk bertindak (trend to behave) terhadap bencana banjir yang melanda. Hubungan sosial masyarakat menunjukkan semakin eratnya hubungan sosial masyarakat akibat timbulnya rasa senasib. Masyarakat terdampak banjir di daerah penelitian mampu beradaptasi dalam menghadapi bencana banjir dengan upaya adaptasi struktur dan non-struktur. Bencana banjir mengakibatkan hambatan pada mata pencaharian masyarakat di daerah penelitian yang berakibat pada tidak beroperasinya unit usaha masyarakat terdampak serta terbatasnya akses menuju lokasi pekerjaan, kondisi demikian tentunya berpengaruh pada penurunan pendapatan masyarakat yang bekerja di sektor usaha maupun swasta. Kata kunci : Banjir, Kondisi Sosial, Kondisi Ekonomi Abstract Flood happens more frequently than other disasters in Indonesia. One of the areas suffered from flood in Indonesia was Jombang District, East Java. Specifically, Jombang had a relative slope down topography of 0-2% and a relative elevation of 44 meters above sea level, which was  lower than the surrounding areas. Flood disaster was suffered Jombang District in January 2016, that incident soaked 9,320 houses, 32 hectares of fields, and damage 3 point of dams in Jombang District. Based on that phenomenon happened, the aim of this study was to know the socio-economic state of communities in the flooded area  in Jombang District. This study used  qualitative approach, with a case study. The study was conducted in Jombang, the subject of this research was the society who lived in Jombang and Pulo Lor Village. Based from available subjects of this research then determined by key informants as the main source of data. The selection of key informants was based on three elements,  they were place, actor, and activity. The key informants of the research would  develop it by using snowball technique. The data collection of this research used documentation technique, observation, and interview. The method of this research started from data reduction, data presentation, to the withdrawal of  final conclusions. The results of this research showed that flooded communities who gave a response about the phenomenon with the idea of acting (trend to behave) against the flood disaster. In terms of social relationship, it showed that the closer the social relations of society could be caused by the emergence of a sense of destiny. The communities who lived in flooded area were  able to adapt in facing the disaster with the structural and non-structural adaptation efforts. The presence of floods in this research resulted the obstacles on the communities livelihoods which caused the non-operation of the communities business units and the limited access to the location of work, it certainly affected the community’s decline income which work in the business and private sectors. Keywords: Floods, Social Conditions, Economic Conditions