The effect of pregnancy massage on level of depression, anxiety and stress in pregnant women

Depression, anxiety, and stress in pregnancy are adverse risk factors for mother and child such as a short gestational age, and hurt the neurodevelopment of the fetus and child born. Anxiety during pregnancy is associated with the occurrence of prematurity, low birth weight, non-optimal fetal growth, increased nausea and vomiting, prolonged sick leave during pregnancy, cesarean section, and can affect the child's immune system. This study aims at determining the effectiveness of pregnancy massage to reduce depression, anxiety, and acceptable stress in pregnant women. This study used a cohort approach to identify the risk factors, where the population of this study was all second-trimester pregnant women who underwent examinations in all Denpasar City Health Centers that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The measurement of the level of depression, anxiety, and stress experienced by pregnant women was implementing the DASS questionnaire as a screening tool. While the PHQ-9 questionnaire was made to see the patient's mood over the past 2 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted to see the correlation between variables.