Patients with Crohn's disease have abnormal colonization of the intestine by proteobacteria, including the family of invasive adherent E. coli (AIEC) has been characterized. AIEC are found in intestinal lesions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease such as Crohn's disease. AIEC predominate in mucus, adhere to epithelial cells, colonize them and survive in macrophages. During my thesis, I was particularly interested in characterizing the adaptation of AIEC LF82 to survival and growth in macrophages. The AIEC LF82 strain resides in mature phagolysosomes that create a stressful environment (acid pH, oxidative stress, lack of nutrients, etc.). This environment significantly limits the growth of other strains of E. coli. We have demonstrat...