Cooperative breeding is a social system in which only dominant individuals access reproduction while subordinates, which are mostly their previous offspring, care for the young. The evolution of cooperative breeding may be explained by non-exclusive hypotheses including indirect fitness gains, high costs of dispersal in harsh environments, or compensation by group-size benefits. In order to shed light on the evolutionary mechanisms of cooperative breeding, we used an interspecific approach focused on the phylogenetic reconstruction of the coevolution of the three constitutive traits (delayed dispersal, reproductive suppression and alloparenting) in the mammalian orders where it occurs. We showed that evolutionary pathways to cooperative bre...