Testing the efficiency of acrylate modified by antifungal substances in preventing Candida spp. colonization on denture

Uvod: Nošenje zubne proteze je predisponirajući faktor za razmnožavanje gljiva roda Candida na oralnoj mukozi i razvoj proteznog stomatitisa. Problem u terapiji proteznog stomatitisa je rezistencija gljiva i nemogućnost postizanja efikasnih koncentracija antimikotika na protezi. Cilj je izvršiti modifikaciju hladnopolimerizujućeg akrilata (PMMA) za podlaganje zubnih proteza dodavanjem antigljivičnih supstanci (AS): undecileinske kiseline (UK), farnezola (F) ili njihove kombinacije (UK+F); ispitati fizičkohemijske osobine modifikovanih akrilata (MA), citotoksičnost i antifungalni efekat na soj Candida (C.) albicans ATCC 90028. Materijal i metode: fizičko-hemijska karakterizacija površine MA je urađena pomoću totalne refleksije u infracrvenoj spektroskopiji sa Furijeovom transformacijom (FTIR) i merenjem vodenog kontaktnog ugla površine MA. Citotoksičnost MA je ispitana pomoću MTS-[3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-5-(3- karboksimetoksifenil)-2-(4-sulfofenil)-2H-tetrazolijum] testa, a antigljivična aktivnost testom disk difuzije. Efekat MA na sesilne i planktonske ćelije gljiva vrste C.albicans je ispitan pomoću XTT [2,3-bis (2-metoksi–4–nitro–5–sulfofenil)- 2H-tetrazolium-5-karboksanilid)] testa. Rezultati: Antigljivične supstance su prisutne na površini MA i značajno povećavaju hidrofilnost u odnosu na kontrolu. AS nisu ispoljile citotoksičnost u koncentraciji koja utiče na redukciju metabolički aktivnih planktonskih i sesilnih ćelija vrste C. albicans na površini MA. Kombinacija UK+F omogućava primenu nižih koncentracija AS u PMMA. Ove supstance prisutne u agaru sprečavaju prelazak vrste C. albicans u filamentoznu formu rasta. Zaključak: modifikovani hladnopolimerizujući akrilati za podlaganje zubnih proteza bi mogli da unaprede tretman proteznog stomatitisa izazvanog gljivama roda Candida.Introduction: Wearing denture is accompained with colonisation of Candida spp. and the development of Candida-associated denture stomatitis. The problem in therapy is fungal resistance and the inability to achieve effective antifungal concentrations on denture. Aim is to modify cold-curing acrylic resin (PMMA) for denture lining with antifungal substances (AS): undecylenic acid (UA), farnesol (F) or their combination (UA + F), to study the physico-chemical properties of the modified acrylates (MA), cytotoxicity and its antifungal effect on Candida (C.) albicans ATCC 90028. Material and methods: physico-chemical characterization of the MA surface was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), by measuring the water contact angle; toxicity of the MA was tested by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3- carboxymethoxypenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) test, while antifungal activity was elavuated by disc diffusion test. The effect of the MA on sessile and planktonic C. albicans cells was examined using XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfo-phenyl)-2Htetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) reduction assay. Results: Аntifungal substances were observed on the surface of MA and significantly reduced the contact angle compared to control (PMMA). AS are not cytotoxic in a concentration that will affect the reduction of metabolically active planktonic and sessile C. albicans cells on the МА surface. UA+F combination allows the application of lower concentrations of AS in PMMA. AS inhibit transition of C. albicans cells from yeast to filamentous form. Conclusion: Modified cold-curing acrylic resin for dentures lining could improve the treatment of denture stomatitis