Arhitektura srpskog pravoslavnog hrama - uticaji i razvoj u prvim decenijama XXI veka

The basic religious duties performed in the Temple are connected with the temple liturgies. The Serbian Orthodox Church is traditionally represented by various architectural shapes and numerous architectural types. The significance of certain parts of the Temple and the symbols that correspond to the philosophy of the Serbian Orthodox Church can affect the formation of the architectural space. However, as an aesthetic and philosophic category they do not oblige the architects to apply a certain type or model of the Serbian Orthodox Church. Many studies show that there are no mandatory rules in the construction of the Serbian Orthodox Church. The development of the Serbian Orthodox architecture in various social, state and cultural circumstances in Serbia is represented. The impact analysis confirms that dogmatic forms of construction are created under the social and ideological influences. By researching spatial organization that is indispensable to liturgical worship it is proved that the external and internal function of the Temple can be achieved in newly built churches that follow the principles of modern architecture. This proves that the crisis in criteria and the chasm between the traditional teachings of church art and the language of contemporary art theory and practice can and has to be overcome by a clearly defined programme of the Serbian Orthodox Temple and the author's interpretation of the ideas and principles behind traditional models. The aim of this research is the improvement of the design process of the Serbian Orthodox Church, based on the analysis of the existing and newly built Serbian Orthodox temples through architectural functions of shapes, symbols, rituals and artistic interior design. Based on the critical analysis of recent research and available literature, basic notions and characteristics of religious rules and architecture of the Serbian Orthodox temple are defined in various historical, social and philosophical contexts. The contribution to the scientific research of The Serbian Orthodox architecture is achieved by analysing the functions of the Serbian Orthodox temple in terms of spatial organization for performing the rituals and artistic interior design. Based on the analysed historical development, liturgical and iconographic programmes of the Serbian Orthodox temple, a criterion for creation of the Serbian Orthodox churches is formed and it is used for basic typology of the temples and their development in the second part of the XX and the first decades of the XXI century. By summing up the influences on Serbian Orthodox temples and defining their basic and necessary functions, some recommendations are made with the aim of improving the design process in the architecture of the Serbian Orthodox temple in the XXI century. The process of the temples conceptual design is aided by clearly defining theological and iconographical programme and the presentations in the form of drawings and schemes