Analiza profitabilnosti logističkih kompanija u zemljama Balkana

The main purpose of this paper is to research the factors that have an impact on the company profitability in the logistics industry during a five-year period (2013-2017). The sample includes 748 active companies operating in the logistics industry in the Balkan countries. Bearing in mind that logistics is an essential instrument of competitiveness and profitability of the company operations and that logistics is one of the most profitable industries, this paper used the panel data model with fixed effect in order to analyse profitability. The obtained results showed that four out of the six studied variables (company size, tangibility of assets, liquidity, and asset turnover ratio) have a statistically significant impact on profitability. The results provide guidelines for increasing profitability and improving the performance of logistics companies, given that an efficient planning system, managing and controlling the logistics system are key determinants of profitable business operations.Glavni cilj ovog rada je da istraži faktore koji utiču na profitabilnost kompanija u sektoru logistike tokom petogodišnjeg perioda (2013-2017). Uzorak obuhvata sve aktivne kompanije ili 748 kompanija koje posluju u sektoru logistike u zemljama Balkana. Imajući u vidu da je logistika bitan instrument konkurentnosti i profitabilnosti poslovanja kompanija i da je logistička industrija jedna od najprofitabilnijih, u radu je korišten panelni model podataka sa fiksnim efektom kako bi se razmotrila profitabilnost. Dobijeni rezultati su pokazali da četiri od šest posmatranih varijabli (veličina preduzeća, opipljivost imovine, likvidnost i koeficijent obrtanja aktive) imaju statistički značajan uticaj na profitabilnost. Rezultati daju smjernice za povećanje profitabilnosti i poboljšanje performansi logističkih kompanija, imajući u vidu da je efikasan sistem planiranja, upravljanja i kontrole logističkog sistema ključna odrednica profitabilnog poslovanja.