Eudiometry Presented in the Work of Josip Franjo Domin

Josip Franjo (ili Josephus Franciscus) Domin (1754. – 1819.) bio je hrvatski fizičar koji je predavao na sveučilištima u Győru i Pešti. Poznat je po knjizi Dissertatio physica de aeris factitii genesi, natura, et utilitatibus (Fizikalna rasprava o postanku, naravi i koristi umjetnog zraka), Győr, 1784. U Raspravi je opisao više vrsta “umjetnog zraka”, što ih je većinom otkrio Joseph Priestly, a usto postupke i uređaje za njihovo dobivanje te – u drugom dijelu knjige – njihovu upotrebu. U ovom radu raspravlja se o Dominovom opisu eudiometra, uređaja za mjerenje sadržaja kisika (“deflogistoniranog zraka”) u plinskim smjesama njegovom reakcijom s “nitroznim zrakom”, dušikovim(I) oksidom (NO), što ga je izumio Priestley a usavršio Felice Fontana. Naročito je istražena veza “dobrote zraka” s flogistonskom teorijom i teorijom mijazama u Dominovoj Raspravi. Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna.Josip Franjo (or: Josephus Franciscus) Domin (1754–1819) was a Croatian physicist, affiliated at the Universities of Győr and Pest, Hungary. He is noted for his book Physical Treatise on the Genesis, Nature and Utility of Factitious Air, written in Latin (Dissertatio physica de aeris factitii genesi, natura, et utilitatibus) and published in Győr in 1784. In his Treatise he described various kinds of “artificial air”, discovered mostly by Joseph Priestly, as well as methods and devices for their preparation, and – in the second part of the book – their usage. This paper discusses his description of the eudiometer, an apparatus for measurement of oxygen (“dephlogisticated air”) content of gas mixtures by its reaction with “nitrous air” (nitrogen oxide, NO), invented by Priestley and improved by Felice Fontana. Especially discussed was the need for measuring the “goodness of air” in relation to the phlogiston and miasma theories, as presented in the Treatise. Ovo djelo je dano na korištenje pod licencom Creative Commons Imenovanje 4.0 međunarodna