The Court of European Union’s Supervision over Sanctions Imposed on Natural and Legal Persons

Ovaj rad bavi se nadzorom Suda Europske unije nad primjenom mjera ograničavanja odnosno sankcija protiv pojedinih fizičkih odnosno pravnih osoba, i to kako nadzorom nad sankcijama Vijeća sigurnosti Ujedinjenih naroda koje su implementirane u pravni poredak Unije tako i nad autonomnim mjerama ograničavanja Unije. Taj se nadzor odnosi na zaštitu temeljnih prava osoba prema kojima se sankcije primjenjuju zbog povezanosti s terorizmom odnosno financiranjem terorizma, proliferacijom nuklearnog oružja odnosno provođenja nasilne represije nad civilnim stanovništvom. Proučavat će se, u pravilu, zaštita prava vlasništva s jedne i zaštita procesnih prava s druge strane. U radu će se analizirati sadržaj tog nadzora Suda EU-a, ali i posljedice toga nadzora u smislu konkretne zaštite navedenih prava.Sanctions or restrictive measures applicable against persons and other entities connected with terrorism, proliferation of nuclear weapons, or repression against civilians necessarily lead to infringement of certain rights of these persons. Financial restrictions primarily refer to financial instruments and financial resources belonging to, owned, held, or controlled by these persons and restriction of their economic activities. Infringement of procedural rights of such persons (i.e. right to legal aid, right to be heard, including the right of access to court, right to an effective remedy, and right to obtain reasons for imposing sanctions. The Court of the European Union has confirmed its role of protector of persons and entities targeted by sanctions, simultaneously hindering the process of sanctioning. However, there is the issue of undermining the authority of the UN and disturbing the international balance of power. The EU member states are required to uphold the decisions of the Court of the European Union at all times, including in cases when the Court repeals acts introducing the UN sanctions. This could lead to situations where the Court would de facto force the member states to act contrary to Article 103 of the UN Charter. Article 103 explicitly stipulates that obligations arising from the UN Charter have priority before all the other international agreements. This impasse can be solved through quality international cooperation and enhancement of mutual trust based on the respect of both international and European law