Comparison of Long-term Genomic Response under Restricted Inbreeding in Conventional and Modern Molecular Breeding Schemes: Review article

Reaction to selection in modern breeding programs has been expanded because of constant changes in the techniques for hereditary assessment. Without genomic data, hereditary assessment should center on amplifying the accuracy of evaluated breeding values (EBVs) and expanding the mean EBV of selected parents so there is no conspicuous chance to increase long-term response. The availability of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-chips introduces new opportunities to optimize short versus long-term response under restricted inbreeding. Whenever frequencies and impacts of alleles underlying trait values can be assessed, an exchange between short and long-term optimum selection policies strategies will appear. Therefore, a technique to discover the optimum index to maximize long-term response is resulting from the weight given to a marker according to its frequency. It is probable that long-term genetic gain of genomic selection will be be improved by Jannink’s weighting (JW) method, in which rare favorable marker alleles are weighted in the selection criterion. The JW technique was spread by including an additional factor to decrease the stress on rare favorable alleles over the time horizon and has been called dynamic weighting (DW). In comparison to unweighted genomic estimate, both DW and JW can improve long- term genetic gain and decrease inbreeding rate